Efesios 3

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Ephesians 3 is Paul's explanation of his own calling and his prayer for the church. He interrupts his own prayer to explain the "mystery" entrusted to him: that through the gospel the Gentiles are fellow heirs, members of one body, and sharers in the promise in Christ. The church exists, he says, so that the manifold wisdom of God may be displayed to the rulers in the heavenly realms. Then he kneels and prays that his readers be strengthened in their inner being, that Christ dwell in their hearts, and that, rooted in love, they grasp the breadth and length and height and depth of Christ's love. A doxology closes it: to him who is able to do far more than we ask or imagine.

Apri commento del capitolo

Ephesians 3 starts a sentence it does not finish for thirteen verses. "For this reason I, Paul, the prisoner of Christ Jesus for the sake of you Gentiles," Paul writes, and then the word Gentiles stops him, because it is the word his whole life has been about. So he explains. God gave him a secret to steward, one hidden for ages and now announced: that through the gospel the Gentiles are heirs together with Israel, members of the same body, sharers in the same promise. Not guests, not second class, not converts on probation. He knows how strange this sounds from a former Pharisee, which is why he calls himself less than the least of all the saints, and he knows how large it is, which is why he says the church exists to show God's many-colored wisdom to the powers in the heavens themselves. Then, having explained the reason, he picks the sentence up again. For this reason I bow my knees before the Father. What follows is one of the great prayers of the Bible, and it asks for nothing visible. Strength in the inner being. Christ at home in the heart. Roots and foundations in love. The power to take in, together with all the saints, how wide and long and high and deep the love of Christ is, a love that is bigger than knowing, and to be filled up to the fullness of God. Paul ends by admitting that even that prayer is too small: God is able to do far beyond anything we ask or imagine, and the glory is his, in the church and in Christ, forever.

Historical and literary context

Ephesians was written from prison, traditionally Rome around AD 60 to 62, and was probably a circular letter to churches in the province of Asia; the words "in Ephesus" are missing from the earliest manuscripts. Its central concern, Jew and Gentile united in one body, was the great controversy of Paul's career, settled in principle at the Jerusalem council of Acts 15 and still raw in practice. The word "mystery" was used by Greek religious cults for secrets revealed to initiates; Paul uses it for a secret God has now announced to everyone. Kneeling to pray in verse 14 was unusual, since Jews normally stood; it signals intensity. Some scholars think a disciple of Paul wrote the letter in his name, a debate that does not change how the chapter reads.

How the chapter unfolds

Verse 1 begins a prayer that breaks off after "for the sake of you Gentiles." Verses 2 to 13 are the digression: the stewardship of grace given to Paul, the mystery revealed by the Spirit and defined in verse 6, Paul's unworthiness and commission in verses 7 to 9, the church as God's display to the heavenly powers in verses 10 to 12, and the plea not to be discouraged by his sufferings in verse 13. Verse 14 resumes the prayer with "for this reason." Verses 16 to 19 ask for inner strength, Christ's indwelling, rootedness in love, comprehension of the four dimensions of Christ's love, and fullness. Verses 20 and 21 are the doxology.

Why this chapter matters

The prayer of verses 14 to 21 is among the most prayed passages in the New Testament and has shaped Christian language for the interior life: "strengthened with power through His Spirit in your inner being," "that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith," "rooted and grounded in love." The four dimensions of Christ's love have been preached for two millennia. The doxology, "to Him who is able to do so much more than all we ask or imagine," closes services around the world. Verse 10 gives the church a cosmic purpose, to show God's wisdom to unseen powers, and verse 6 is the New Testament's most compact statement that Gentiles belong on equal terms.

Interpretive tension to watch

Paul says the mystery "was not made known to men in other generations," yet the Old Testament repeatedly promised blessing to the nations; his qualification, "as it has now been revealed," suggests the novelty lies in the equality and the one body rather than in the inclusion itself. "Every family" in verse 15 translates a word that can also mean "all fatherhood," and translators divide. The prayer asks that believers be filled with "all the fullness of God," a request so large that readers have wondered whether it can be meant literally. And the digression itself, an unfinished sentence resumed thirteen verses later, has led some to ask whether verses 2 to 13 were an insertion.

Domande per questo capitolo

  • Paul calls the equal inclusion of Gentiles a "mystery" now revealed. Who are the people your community would find hardest to call fellow heirs?
  • The prayer asks for strength in the inner being before anything visible. Why does Paul start there?
  • Paul prays that we grasp a love that "surpasses knowledge." How can something be known and beyond knowing at once?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

1 Eu, Paulo, servo de Cristo, estou aqui na prisão por amor a vocês — por pregar que vocês, os gentios, fazem parte da casa de Deus. 2 Não há dúvida que vocês já sabem que Deus, pela sua graça, me entregou esse trabalho especial de mostrar o favor divino a vocês, os gentios. 3 Como antes mencionei em poucas palavras, o próprio Deus me mostrou este mistério por revelação. 4 Ao lerem o que escrevi, vocês poderão entender como eu estou a par do mistério de Cristo. 5 Nos tempos antigos Deus não fez o seu povo participante desse mistério; agora, porém, ele o revelou através do Espírito Santo aos seus santos apóstolos e profetas. 6 E este é o mistério: que os gentios terão total participação com os judeus em todas as riquezas herdadas pelos filhos de Deus; ambos são convidados a pertencer à sua igreja e a participar de todas as promessas divinas de bênçãos poderosas por meio de Cristo Jesus. 7 Deus me concedeu o privilégio maravilhoso de contar a todo mundo o dom da sua graça; e me deu o seu poder e uma capacidade especial para fazê-lo. 8 Embora eu nada tivesse feito para merecê-lo, e ainda que eu seja o menor de todos que pertencem a Deus, ainda assim foi me dada a graça de anunciar aos gentios a alegre nova dos tesouros infindáveis acessíveis a eles em Cristo 9 e explicar a todos o mistério que Deus é o Salvador dos gentios também, o mesmo Deus que fez todas as coisas e que tinha mantido isso em segredo desde o princípio. 10 E para quê? Para mostrar a todas as autoridades e poderes nas regiões celestiais, por meio da igreja, como Deus é perfeitamente sábio, 11 tal como ele sempre tinha planejado fazer por meio de Jesus Cristo, nosso Senhor, 12 por meio de quem temos livre acesso à presença de Deus, com toda a confiança, por meio da nossa fé nele. 13 Portanto, eu lhes peço que não percam o ânimo com os meus sofrimentos. É por vocês que eu estou sofrendo, e vocês devem sentir-se honrados e animados com isso. 14 Quando penso na sabedoria e na extensão do seu plano, eu caio de joelhos e rogo ao Pai 15 de toda a grande família de Deus — alguns deles lá em cima no céu e outros aqui embaixo na terra. 16 Oro que das suas riquezas gloriosas e ilimitadas ele conceda a vocês o poderoso fortalecimento interior por meio do seu Espírito Santo. 17 E oro para que Cristo habite em seus corações, à medida que confiarem nele, e que vocês aprofundem suas raízes no solo do amor maravilhoso de Deus; 18 e que vocês, junto com todos os filhos de Deus, possam compreender a largura, o comprimento, a altura e a profundidade 19 do amor de Cristo; e por si mesmos possam experimentar esse amor, embora seja ele tão grande que vocês nunca verão o seu fim, nem o poderão conhecer ou compreender completamente. E dessa maneira, vocês ficarão cheios de toda a plenitude do próprio Deus. 20 Agora, glória seja dada a Deus, que pelo seu grandioso poder operando em nós é capaz de fazer muito mais do que jamais ousaríamos pedir ou mesmo imaginar, infinitamente além de nossas mais altas orações, anseios, pensamentos ou esperanças. 21 A ele seja dada glória para todo o sempre, por todas as gerações, na igreja por meio de Jesus Cristo. Amém!

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