Revelation 9

Leggi questo capitolo con intenzione

Revelation 9 sounds the fifth and sixth trumpets, the first two of the three "woes." A star fallen from heaven unlocks the Abyss, smoke pours out, and from the smoke come locusts with the power of scorpions, told to torment for five months only those without the seal of God. They look like war horses with human faces, women's hair, lions' teeth, iron breastplates, and stinging tails, and their king is the angel of the Abyss, Abaddon in Hebrew, Apollyon in Greek. The sixth trumpet releases four angels bound at the Euphrates and an army of two hundred million whose horses breathe fire, smoke, and sulfur, killing a third of humanity. The rest do not repent.

Apri commento del capitolo

Revelation 9 is the chapter people have in mind when they call Revelation frightening, and it earns the reputation. The fifth trumpet sounds, a star that has fallen from heaven is handed the key to the Abyss, and when the shaft is opened, smoke pours out like a furnace and blots out the sun. Out of the smoke come locusts, but not locusts: they have the sting of scorpions, the look of horses armored for battle, human faces, women's hair, lions' teeth, iron breastplates, and wings that sound like an army of chariots. Their king is named Destroyer in two languages. Yet the most important words in the description are the limits. They may not touch the grass or the trees. They may not touch anyone who has the seal of God. They may not kill. They have five months. The sixth trumpet is worse, four angels released from the Euphrates at an hour fixed in advance, and behind them a cavalry of two hundred million whose horses breathe fire and sulfur and kill a third of the human race. John is drawing on the locust plague of Egypt, the locust army of Joel, and the Parthian horsemen every Roman feared, and piling the images on top of one another until they cannot be seen, only felt. Then the chapter ends with two quiet verses that are its real subject. The rest of mankind, the ones who survived, did not repent. They went on worshiping idols that cannot see or hear or walk, and went on with murder, sorcery, immorality, and theft. The trumpets have done all that terror can do, and it was not enough.

Passi chiave

Revelation 9:1-6 Revelation 9:13-16 Revelation 9:20-21 Joel 2:1-11 Exodus 10:12-15 Revelation 7:3

Historical and literary context

Locust swarms were the ancient world's most feared natural disaster, and John's description draws on the plague of Exodus 10 and on Joel 1 and 2, where locusts are pictured as an invading army with horses' faces and lions' teeth. The Euphrates was Rome's eastern frontier, beyond which lay the Parthians, whose cavalry were the terror of Roman armies; a vast mounted host from the east is what a first-century reader would picture. "Apollyon," the Destroyer, may be a barb at Domitian, who liked to be identified with the god Apollo, whose emblem was the locust. The five months match the natural span of a locust season. The refusal to repent echoes Pharaoh under the plagues.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 6, the fifth trumpet: the fallen star, the opened Abyss, the smoke, and the locusts with limited power and a five-month term of torment so severe that people will seek death. Verses 7 to 11 describe the locusts and name their king. Verse 12 marks the passing of the first woe. Verses 13 to 16, the sixth trumpet: the voice from the altar, the four angels at the Euphrates prepared for the exact hour, and the army of two hundred million. Verses 17 to 19 describe the horses of fire, smoke, and sulfur that kill a third of mankind. Verses 20 and 21 record that the survivors did not repent of idolatry, murder, sorcery, immorality, or theft.

Why this chapter matters

Revelation 9 is the book's most vivid picture of evil unleashed and yet limited: the locusts may torment but not kill, for five months, and only those without God's seal; the four angels are released at an appointed hour. Every horror is on a leash. The chapter's real weight falls on its last two verses, where plagues that should drive people to repentance do not. That diagnosis, that judgment by itself does not change hearts, prepares for the different strategy of chapters 10 and 11, where the church's witness, not the trumpets, brings people to give glory to God.

Interpretive tension to watch

Readers differ over whether the locusts and the horsemen are demonic forces, human armies described in visionary language, or both at once, and over whether the trumpets cover the whole age between the two comings or a final period. The "star that had fallen" is Satan to some interpreters and an angel sent by God to others; the text says the key "was given" to it, which keeps God in control either way. The plain sense of the chapter is easier than its symbols: evil is real, permitted, bounded, and does not have the last word.

Domande per questo capitolo

The locusts are told what they may and may not do, and for how long. What does that say about the limits of evil?
Verses 20 and 21 report that the survivors did not repent. Why might suffering harden people rather than turn them?
How does the seal of God in verse 4 relate to the sealing of chapter 7?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

Aggiungi alle note

1 第五の御使いがラッパを吹き鳴らした。すると、私は一つの星が天から地上に落ちるのを見た。その星には底知れぬ穴を開くかぎが与えられた。 2 その星が、底知れぬ穴を開くと、穴から大きな炉の煙のような煙が立ち上り、太陽も空も、この穴の煙によって暗くなった。 3 その煙の中から、いなごが地上に出て来た。彼らには、地のさそりの持つような力が与えられた。 4 そして彼らは、地の草やすべての青草や、すべての木には害を加えないで、ただ、額に神の印を押されていない人間にだけ害を加えるように言い渡された。 5 しかし、人間を殺すことは許されず、ただ五か月の間苦しめることだけが許された。その与えた苦痛は、さそりが人を刺したときのような苦痛であった。 6 その期間には、人々は死を求めるが、どうしても見いだせず、死を願うが、死が彼らから逃げて行くのである。 7 そのいなごの形は、出陣の用意の整った馬に似ていた。頭に金の冠のようなものを着け、顔は人間の顔のようであった。 8 また女の髪のような毛があり、歯は、ししの歯のようであった。 9 また、鉄の胸当てのような胸当てを着け、その翼の音は、多くの馬に引かれた戦車が、戦いに馳せつけるときの響きのようであった。 10 そのうえ彼らは、さそりのような尾と針とを持っており、尾には、五か月間人間に害を加える力があった。 11 彼らは、底知れぬ所の御使いを王にいただいている。彼の名はヘブル語でアバドンといい、ギリシヤ語でアポリュオンという。 12 第一のわざわいは過ぎ去った。見よ。この後なお二つのわざわいが来る。 13 第六の御使いがラッパを吹き鳴らした。すると、私は神の御前にある金の祭壇の四隅から出る声を聞いた。 14 その声がラッパを持っている第六の御使いに言った。「大川ユーフラテスのほとりにつながれている四人の御使いを解き放せ。」 15 すると、定められた時、日、月、年のために用意されていた四人の御使いが、人類の三分の一を殺すために解き放された。 16 騎兵の軍勢の数は二億であった。私はその数を聞いた。 17 私が幻の中で見た馬とそれに乗る人たちの様子はこうであった。騎兵は、火のような赤、くすぶった青、燃える硫黄の色の胸当てを着けており、馬の頭は、ししの頭のようで、口からは火と煙と硫黄とが出ていた。 18 これらの三つの災害、すなわち、彼らの口から出ている火と煙と硫黄とのために、人類の三分の一は殺された。 19 馬の力はその口とその尾とにあって、その尾は蛇のようであり、それに頭があって、その頭で害を加えるのである。 20 これらの災害によって殺されずに残った人々は、その手のわざを悔い改めないで、悪霊どもや、金、銀、銅、石、木で造られた、見ることも聞くことも歩くこともできない偶像を拝み続け、 21 その殺人や、魔術や、不品行や、盗みを悔い改めなかった。

Trasforma la lettura in vero studio

Registrati per salvare versetti, prendere note e studiare con strumenti AI.

Registrati Accedi

Scegli il tuo prossimo passo dopo questo capitolo Continua a leggere, scegli un piano o continua a studiare con l'AI.

Leggi il prossimo capitolo Revelation 10 in 口語訳聖書.

Piani di lettura

Scegli un piano se vuoi trasformare questo capitolo in un'abitudine ripetibile.

Chiedi all’IA di questo capitolo

Continua con lo studio AI se il testo solleva domande o va più in profondità di una lettura.

Segui i temi che questo capitolo apre Argomenti correlati per le domande più ampie che questo capitolo potrebbe aver aperto.

Sfoglia tutti gli argomenti