Luke 22

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Luke 22 gathers betrayal, covenant meal, satanic assault, prayerful agony, and Peter’s collapse into one chapter so the reader cannot speak lightly about the cost of redemption.

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Luke 22 is not a chapter for sentimental Christianity. It forces the reader to watch holy love move straight through betrayal, weakness, and suffering without turning aside. In Luke 22:14-20 Jesus speaks of the new covenant in his blood even while treachery is already present at the table. Then the chapter refuses to let disciples imagine strength too easily. Satan has desired to sift Peter in Luke 22:31-34, and bold words will not be enough. By Luke 22:39-46 the weight falls on Gethsemane, where Jesus prays with blood-like sweat and yet refuses every path except the Father’s will. After that the chapter becomes a mirror for false confidence. Peter follows, then denies, and in Luke 22:61 the Lord’s look breaks him. Luke 22 matters because it asks whether you still imagine redemption as a clean idea, or whether you are willing to see that the kingdom comes through the obedience of Christ in the very place where human faithfulness collapses.

Key passages

Luke 22:14-20 Luke 22:31-34 Luke 22:39-46 Luke 22:54-62

How the chapter unfolds

The chapter moves from conspiracy and Passover to the supper, warnings to the disciples, Gethsemane, arrest, denial, and Jesus before the council.

Why this chapter matters

It matters because it brings the kingdom, the cross, and the weakness of disciples into direct collision under the obedience of Christ.

Interpretive tension to watch

Do not treat Luke 22 as a sequence of famous scenes detached from one another. The chapter is a tightening vice: false loyalty, real temptation, and obedient suffering are all being exposed together.

Questions for this chapter

  • Why does Luke 22 place covenant language, satanic attack, and Peter’s denial inside the same tightening chapter?
  • How does Jesus’ prayer in Gethsemane expose the costliness of obedience without suggesting any rebellion in him?
  • What does Peter’s collapse reveal about confidence that has not yet learned to watch and pray?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

Add to Notes
1 Appropinquabat autem dies festus azymorum, qui dicitur Pascha: 2 et quærebant principes sacerdotum, et scribæ, quomodo Jesum interficerent: timebant vero plebem. 3 Intravit autem Satanas in Judam, qui cognominabatur Iscariotes, unum de duodecim: 4 et abiit, et locutus est cum principibus sacerdotum, et magistratibus, quemadmodum illum traderet eis. 5 Et gavisi sunt, et pacti sunt pecuniam illi dare. 6 Et spopondit, et quærebat opportunitatem ut traderet illum sine turbis. 7 Venit autem dies azymorum, in qua necesse erat occidi pascha. 8 Et misit Petrum et Joannem, dicens: Euntes parate nobis pascha, ut manducemus. 9 At illi dixerunt: Ubi vis paremus? 10 Et dixit ad eos: Ecce introëuntibus vobis in civitatem occurret vobis homo quidam amphoram aquæ portans: sequimini eum in domum, in quam intrat, 11 et dicetis patrifamilias domus: Dicit tibi Magister: Ubi est diversorium, ubi pascha cum discipulis meis manducem? 12 Et ipse ostendet vobis cœnaculum magnum stratum, et ibi parate. 13 Euntes autem invenerunt sicut dixit illis, et paraverunt pascha. 14 Et cum facta esset hora, discubuit, et duodecim apostoli cum eo. 15 Et ait illis: Desiderio desideravi hoc pascha manducare vobiscum, antequam patiar. 16 Dico enim vobis, quia ex hoc non manducabo illud, donec impleatur in regno Dei. 17 Et accepto calice gratias egit, et dixit: Accipite, et dividite inter vos. 18 Dico enim vobis quod non bibam de generatione vitis donec regnum Dei veniat. 19 Et accepto pane gratias egit, et fregit, et dedit eis, dicens: Hoc est corpus meum, quod pro vobis datur: hoc facite in meam commemorationem. 20 Similiter et calicem, postquam cœnavit, dicens: Hic est calix novum testamentum in sanguine meo, qui pro vobis fundetur. 21 Verumtamen ecce manus tradentis me, mecum est in mensa. 22 Et quidem Filius hominis, secundum quod definitum est, vadit: verumtamen væ homini illi per quem tradetur. 23 Et ipsi cœperunt quærere inter se quis esset ex eis qui hoc facturus esset. 24 Facta est autem et contentio inter eos, quis eorum videretur esse major. 25 Dixit autem eis: Reges gentium dominantur eorum: et qui potestatem habent super eos, benefici vocantur. 26 Vos autem non sic: sed qui major est in vobis, fiat sicut minor: et qui præcessor est, sicut ministrator. 27 Nam quis major est, qui recumbit, an qui ministrat? nonne qui recumbit? Ego autem in medio vestrum sum, sicut qui ministrat: 28 vos autem estis, qui permansistis mecum in tentationibus meis. 29 Et ego dispono vobis sicut disposuit mihi Pater meus regnum, 30 ut edatis et bibatis super mensam meam in regno meo, et sedeatis super thronos judicantes duodecim tribus Israël. 31 Ait autem Dominus: Simon, Simon, ecce Satanas expetivit vos ut cribraret sicut triticum: 32 ego autem rogavi pro te ut non deficiat fides tua: et tu aliquando conversus, confirma fratres tuos. 33 Qui dixit ei: Domine, tecum paratus sum et in carcerem et in mortem ire. 34 At ille dixit: Dico tibi, Petre, non cantabit hodie gallus, donec ter abneges nosse me. Et dixit eis: 35 Quando misi vos sine sacculo, et pera, et calceamentis, numquid aliquid defuit vobis? 36 At illi dixerunt: Nihil. Dixit ergo eis: Sed nunc qui habet sacculum, tollat; similiter et peram: et qui non habet, vendat tunicam suam et emat gladium. 37 Dico enim vobis, quoniam adhuc hoc quod scriptum est, oportet impleri in me: Et cum iniquis deputatus est. Etenim ea quæ sunt de me finem habent. 38 At illi dixerunt: Domine, ecce duo gladii hic. At ille dixit eis: Satis est. 39 Et egressus ibat secundum consuetudinem in monte Olivarum. Secuti sunt autem illum et discipuli. 40 Et cum pervenisset ad locum, dixit illis: Orate ne intretis in tentationem. 41 Et ipse avulsus est ab eis quantum jactus est lapidis: et positis genibus orabat, 42 dicens: Pater, si vis, transfer calicem istum a me: verumtamen non mea voluntas, sed tua fiat. 43 Apparuit autem illi angelus de cælo, confortans eum. Et factus in agonia, prolixius orabat. 44 Et factus est sudor ejus sicut guttæ sanguinis decurrentis in terram. 45 Et cum surrexisset ab oratione et venisset ad discipulos suos, invenit eos dormientes præ tristitia. 46 Et ait illis: Quid dormitis? surgite, orate, ne intretis in tentationem. 47 Adhuc eo loquente, ecce turba: et qui vocabatur Judas, unus de duodecim, antecedebat eos, et appropinquavit Jesu ut oscularetur eum. 48 Jesus autem dixit illi: Juda, osculo Filium hominis tradis? 49 Videntes autem hi qui circa ipsum erant, quod futurum erat, dixerunt ei: Domine, si percutimus in gladio? 50 Et percussit unus ex illis servum principis sacerdotum, et amputavit auriculam ejus dexteram. 51 Respondens autem Jesus, ait: Sinite usque huc. Et cum tetigisset auriculam ejus, sanavit eum. 52 Dixit autem Jesus ad eos qui venerant ad se principes sacerdotum, et magistratus templi, et seniores: Quasi ad latronem existis cum gladiis et fustibus? 53 Cum quotidie vobiscum fuerim in templo, non extendistis manus in me: sed hæc est hora vestra, et potestas tenebrarum. 54 Comprehendentes autem eum, duxerunt ad domum principis sacerdotum: Petrus vero sequebatur a longe. 55 Accenso autem igne in medio atrii et circumsedentibus illis, erat Petrus in medio eorum. 56 Quem cum vidisset ancilla quædam sedentem ad lumen, et eum fuisset intuita, dixit: Et hic cum illo erat. 57 At ille negavit eum, dicens: Mulier, non novi illum. 58 Et post pusillum alius videns eum, dixit: Et tu de illis es. Petrus vero ait: O homo, non sum. 59 Et intervallo facto quasi horæ unius, alius quidam affirmabat, dicens: Vere et hic cum illo erat: nam et Galilæus est. 60 Et ait Petrus: Homo, nescio quid dicis. Et continuo, adhuc illo loquente, cantavit gallus. 61 Et conversus Dominus respexit Petrum, et recordatus est Petrus verbi Domini, sicut dixerat: Quia priusquam gallus cantet, ter me negabis. 62 Et egressus foras Petrus flevit amare. 63 Et viri qui tenebant illum, illudebant ei, cædentes. 64 Et velaverunt eum, et percutiebant faciem ejus: et interrogabant eum, dicentes: Prophetiza, quis est, qui te percussit? 65 Et alia multa blasphemantes dicebant in eum. 66 Et ut factus est dies, convenerunt seniores plebis, et principes sacerdotum, et scribæ, et duxerunt illum in concilium suum, dicentes: Si tu es Christus, dic nobis. 67 Et ait illis: Si vobis dixero, non credetis mihi: 68 si autem et interrogavero, non respondebitis mihi, neque dimittetis. 69 Ex hoc autem erit Filius hominis sedens a dextris virtutis Dei. 70 Dixerunt autem omnes: Tu ergo es Filius Dei? Qui ait: Vos dicitis, quia ego sum. 71 At illi dixerunt: Quid adhuc desideramus testimonium? ipsi enim audivimus de ore ejus.

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Study Bible notes for this chapter Verse-by-verse notes and direct commentary anchored in this chapter.
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Verse-by-verse notes

Verses 22:14-20 Verses 22:39-62
Verses 22:14-20 Standard

The covenant meal is spoken into betrayal, not after danger has passed

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Jesus names the new covenant while treachery is already moving. Redemption is therefore framed as holy faithfulness entering corruption, not as a ceremony protected from it.

Key passages
Jeremiah 31:31-34 1 Corinthians 11:23-26
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Verses 22:39-62 Deep

Gethsemane and Peter’s denial expose obedient Christ and collapsing disciple side by side

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Jesus prays through agony without rebellion while Peter falls through pressure despite loud promises. The contrast is painful on purpose, so grace will be seen as resting on Christ’s faithfulness rather than ours.

Key passages
Hebrews 5:7-9 Luke 22:31-34
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Background and language insights Original-language details, cultural background, and why they change the reading of this chapter.
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Original-language insights

Luke 22:42 · Greek Jump to text

plēn (plen)

Literal: nevertheless / yet

The word marks holy submission cutting through agony. Jesus names the cup and then yields without rebellion.

It protects Gethsemane from being read as hesitation without obedience.

Key passages
Luke 22:42
Background

Cultural context

Luke 22 · Passover-night, covenant-meal, and arrest world Jump to text

Luke 22 unfolds in the charged setting of Passover, where covenant memory, messianic expectation, betrayal, and Roman danger all converge in one night.

Modern readers often split the supper, Gethsemane, and Peter’s denial into separate scenes and lose the suffocating pressure uniting them.

It makes Luke 22 feel like a tightening covenant crisis rather than a string of familiar episodes.

Key passages
Luke 22
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