Apocalipsis 9

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Revelation 9 sounds the fifth and sixth trumpets, the first two of the three "woes." A star fallen from heaven unlocks the Abyss, smoke pours out, and from the smoke come locusts with the power of scorpions, told to torment for five months only those without the seal of God. They look like war horses with human faces, women's hair, lions' teeth, iron breastplates, and stinging tails, and their king is the angel of the Abyss, Abaddon in Hebrew, Apollyon in Greek. The sixth trumpet releases four angels bound at the Euphrates and an army of two hundred million whose horses breathe fire, smoke, and sulfur, killing a third of humanity. The rest do not repent.

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Revelation 9 is the chapter people have in mind when they call Revelation frightening, and it earns the reputation. The fifth trumpet sounds, a star that has fallen from heaven is handed the key to the Abyss, and when the shaft is opened, smoke pours out like a furnace and blots out the sun. Out of the smoke come locusts, but not locusts: they have the sting of scorpions, the look of horses armored for battle, human faces, women's hair, lions' teeth, iron breastplates, and wings that sound like an army of chariots. Their king is named Destroyer in two languages. Yet the most important words in the description are the limits. They may not touch the grass or the trees. They may not touch anyone who has the seal of God. They may not kill. They have five months. The sixth trumpet is worse, four angels released from the Euphrates at an hour fixed in advance, and behind them a cavalry of two hundred million whose horses breathe fire and sulfur and kill a third of the human race. John is drawing on the locust plague of Egypt, the locust army of Joel, and the Parthian horsemen every Roman feared, and piling the images on top of one another until they cannot be seen, only felt. Then the chapter ends with two quiet verses that are its real subject. The rest of mankind, the ones who survived, did not repent. They went on worshiping idols that cannot see or hear or walk, and went on with murder, sorcery, immorality, and theft. The trumpets have done all that terror can do, and it was not enough.

Anahtar bölümler

Revelation 9:1-6 Revelation 9:13-16 Revelation 9:20-21 Joel 2:1-11 Exodus 10:12-15 Revelation 7:3

Historical and literary context

Locust swarms were the ancient world's most feared natural disaster, and John's description draws on the plague of Exodus 10 and on Joel 1 and 2, where locusts are pictured as an invading army with horses' faces and lions' teeth. The Euphrates was Rome's eastern frontier, beyond which lay the Parthians, whose cavalry were the terror of Roman armies; a vast mounted host from the east is what a first-century reader would picture. "Apollyon," the Destroyer, may be a barb at Domitian, who liked to be identified with the god Apollo, whose emblem was the locust. The five months match the natural span of a locust season. The refusal to repent echoes Pharaoh under the plagues.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 6, the fifth trumpet: the fallen star, the opened Abyss, the smoke, and the locusts with limited power and a five-month term of torment so severe that people will seek death. Verses 7 to 11 describe the locusts and name their king. Verse 12 marks the passing of the first woe. Verses 13 to 16, the sixth trumpet: the voice from the altar, the four angels at the Euphrates prepared for the exact hour, and the army of two hundred million. Verses 17 to 19 describe the horses of fire, smoke, and sulfur that kill a third of mankind. Verses 20 and 21 record that the survivors did not repent of idolatry, murder, sorcery, immorality, or theft.

Why this chapter matters

Revelation 9 is the book's most vivid picture of evil unleashed and yet limited: the locusts may torment but not kill, for five months, and only those without God's seal; the four angels are released at an appointed hour. Every horror is on a leash. The chapter's real weight falls on its last two verses, where plagues that should drive people to repentance do not. That diagnosis, that judgment by itself does not change hearts, prepares for the different strategy of chapters 10 and 11, where the church's witness, not the trumpets, brings people to give glory to God.

Interpretive tension to watch

Readers differ over whether the locusts and the horsemen are demonic forces, human armies described in visionary language, or both at once, and over whether the trumpets cover the whole age between the two comings or a final period. The "star that had fallen" is Satan to some interpreters and an angel sent by God to others; the text says the key "was given" to it, which keeps God in control either way. The plain sense of the chapter is easier than its symbols: evil is real, permitted, bounded, and does not have the last word.

Bu bölüm için sorular

  • The locusts are told what they may and may not do, and for how long. What does that say about the limits of evil?
  • Verses 20 and 21 report that the survivors did not repent. Why might suffering harden people rather than turn them?
  • How does the seal of God in verse 4 relate to the sealing of chapter 7?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

Notlara Ekle
1 Entonces el quinto ángel hizo sonar su trompeta. Y vi una estrella caer del cielo hasta la tierra. A él se le dio la llave que abre el Abismo. 2 Y abrió la puerta del Abismo, y salía humo de allí, como el humo de una caldera enorme. El sol y la atmósfera se oscurecieron por el humo que salía del Abismo. 3 Salieron langostas del humo hasta la tierra, y se les dio poder como de escorpiones. 4 Se les dijo que no hicieran daño al pasto, ni a la vegetación, ni a los árboles, solo a aquellos que no tenían el sello de Dios sobre sus frentes. 5 Y no tenían permiso de matar, pero podían torturar a estas personas durante cinco meses. Y la tortura era como el aguijón de un escorpión. 6 Durante ese tiempo, la gente andará buscando la muerte, pero no la hallarán; querrán morir, pero la muerte huirá de ellos. 7 Las langostas parecían caballos de guerra. Usaban algo que parecía como coronas de oro sobre sus cabezas, y sus rostros eran como de humanos. 8 Tenían cabello largo como mujeres y dientes como de leones. 9 Sus pectorales parecían haber sido hechos de hierro, y el ruido que hacían con sus alas era como el sonido de muchos caballos y carruajes que corrían hacia la batalla. 10 Y tenían colas como de escorpiones, con aguijones. Tenían el poder de herir a la gente por cinco meses con sus colas. 11 Y quien los lideraba como su rey era el ángel del Abismo que se llama Abadón en Hebreo y Apolión en griego. 12 El primer Desastre ha terminado, pero aún faltan dos más. 13 Entonces el sexto ángel hizo sonar su trompeta. Y escuché una voz que venía desde los cuernos del altar de oro que está frente a Dios 14 y hablaba con el sexto ángel que tenía la trompeta: “Libera a los cuatro ángeles que están atados junto al Río Éufrates”. 15 Los cuatro ángeles que habían sido reservados especialmente para esta hora, día, mes y año fueron liberados para matar a una tercera parte de la humanidad. 16 Se me dijo el número de los soldados del ejército a caballo: era 200 millones. 17 Y en mi visión vi a los caballos y a sus jinetes, que usaban pectorales rojos como el fuego, también azul oscuro y amarillo. Las cabezas de los caballos parecían de leones, y de sus bocas salía fuego, humo y azufre. 18 Y por estas tres plagas murió una tercera parte de la humanidad, por el fuego, humo y azufre que salían de sus bocas. 19 El poder de los caballos estaba en sus colas y en sus bocas, pues sus colas eran como cabezas de serpientes que usaban para herir a la gente. 20 Pero el resto de la humanidad que no murió por estas plagas no se arrepintió de lo que estaba haciendo. No dejaron de adorar demonios ni ídolos de oro, plata, bronce y piedra, que no pueden oír ni caminar. 21 Tampoco se arrepintieron de sus asesinatos, su brujería, sus pecados sexuales, ni sus hurtos.

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