Psalms 118

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Psalm 118 is a thanksgiving procession that ends up at the center of the New Testament. It opens and closes with the refrain "His loving devotion endures forever," tells of a man surrounded by nations and pushed to the point of falling who was rescued by the LORD, and then walks through the temple gates with lines the Gospels place on the lips of the crowd at Palm Sunday and on the lips of Jesus himself: the rejected stone become cornerstone, and "Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD."

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Psalm 118 is a song for walking through a gate. It was sung at Passover as the last of the Hallel psalms, which means Jesus sang it on the night he was betrayed, and its lines had already been shouted at him a few days earlier as he rode into Jerusalem: "Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD." The psalm begins with a refrain that Israel, the priests, and all who fear God are called to answer, "His loving devotion endures forever," and then tells a story in the first person. The speaker was in distress, surrounded, pushed to the edge of falling, and the LORD helped him. Now he comes to the gates of righteousness and asks to enter. There, in verse 22, he sings the line the whole New Testament will pick up: the stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. Jesus quoted it to the leaders who were about to reject him. Peter quoted it to the council that had crucified him. The psalm was written centuries earlier for a deliverance we cannot fully reconstruct, and it fit the greatest deliverance exactly. Read it as a procession: refrain, testimony, gate, altar, thanks. Then read it again as the Gospels did, and notice how much of Holy Week is already in it.

Historical and literary context

The psalm closes the group of Psalms 113 to 118 known as the Egyptian Hallel, sung at Passover, which means it was almost certainly among the hymns Jesus and his disciples sang after the Last Supper. Its liturgical shape, with calls for Israel, the priests, and all who fear the LORD to answer, and a procession to the gates and the altar, suggests a festival of thanksgiving after deliverance, perhaps led by a king. Verse 14 quotes the song of Moses at the Red Sea, tying this rescue to the first one.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 4 call three groups to the refrain. Verses 5 to 18 are the testimony of an individual: distress, the LORD on my side, nations swarming like bees and extinguished like burning thorns, a push that nearly toppled him, severe discipline but not death. Verses 19 to 27 move to the gates: the righteous enter, the rejected stone becomes the cornerstone, "this is the day that the LORD has made," a prayer to save, a blessing on the one who comes in the LORD's name, and the festal sacrifice bound to the altar. Verses 28 and 29 return to personal thanks and the opening refrain.

Why this chapter matters

No psalm is quoted more often in the New Testament at decisive moments. Jesus applied the cornerstone verse to himself before the leaders who would reject him. The Palm Sunday crowd shouted verse 26. Peter used the cornerstone image before the Sanhedrin and again in his first letter. Hebrews quotes verse 6, "The LORD is on my side; I will not be afraid." Verse 24, "This is the day that the LORD has made," is one of the most sung lines in the Psalter. The psalm gave the early church its language for a rejected Messiah vindicated by God.

Interpretive tension to watch

Who is the "I" of the psalm? A king returning from battle, the nation personified, every worshiper who walks through the gates, or, as the Gospels read it, the Messiah? The psalm seems designed to be sung by all of them at once. Holding the readings together, rather than choosing one, is what lets the reader join the procession.

Bu bölüm için sorular

  • Verses 8 and 9 say it is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in people or princes. What trust in "princes" is the psalm asking you to loosen?
  • The Gospels put verse 26 in the mouths of a crowd that would turn away within a week. What does that do to how you read the psalm's confidence?
  • Verse 18 says the LORD disciplined the speaker severely but did not give him over to death. How does discipline fit inside a thanksgiving psalm?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

1 你们要称谢耶和华,因他本为善; 他的慈爱永远长存! 2 愿以色列说: 他的慈爱永远长存! 3 愿亚伦的家说: 他的慈爱永远长存! 4 愿敬畏耶和华的说: 他的慈爱永远长存! 5 我在急难中求告耶和华,他就应允我, 把我[安置]在宽阔之地。 6 有耶和华帮助我,我必不惧怕, 人能把我怎么样呢? 7 在那帮助我的人中,有耶和华帮助我, 所以我要看见那恨我的人[遭报]。 8 投靠耶和华,强似倚赖人; 9 投靠耶和华,强似倚赖王子。 10 万民围绕我, 我靠耶和华的名必剿灭他们。 11 他们环绕我,围困我, 我靠耶和华的名必剿灭他们。 12 他们如同蜂子围绕我, 好像烧荆棘的火,必被熄灭; 我靠耶和华的名,必剿灭他们。 13 你推我,要叫我跌倒, 但耶和华帮助了我。 14 耶和华是我的力量,是我的诗歌; 他也成了我的拯救。 15 在义人的帐棚里,有欢呼拯救的声音; 耶和华的右手施展大能。 16 耶和华的右手高举; 耶和华的右手施展大能。 17 我必不致死,仍要存活, 并要传扬耶和华的作为。 18 耶和华虽严严地惩治我, 却未曾将我交于死亡。 19 给我敞开义门; 我要进去称谢耶和华! 20 这是耶和华的门; 义人要进去! 21 我要称谢你,因为你已经应允我, 又成了我的拯救! 22 匠人所弃的石头 已成了房角的头块石头。 23 这是耶和华所做的, 在我们眼中看为希奇。 24 这是耶和华所定的日子, 我们在其中要高兴欢喜! 25 耶和华啊,求你拯救! 耶和华啊,求你使我们亨通! 26 奉耶和华名来的是应当称颂的! 我们从耶和华的殿中为你们祝福! 27 耶和华是 神; 他光照了我们。 理当用绳索把祭牲拴住, [牵]到坛角那里。 28 你是我的 神,我要称谢你! 你是我的 神,我要尊崇你! 29 你们要称谢耶和华,因他本为善; 他的慈爱永远长存!

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