Psalms 118

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Psalm 118 is a thanksgiving procession that ends up at the center of the New Testament. It opens and closes with the refrain "His loving devotion endures forever," tells of a man surrounded by nations and pushed to the point of falling who was rescued by the LORD, and then walks through the temple gates with lines the Gospels place on the lips of the crowd at Palm Sunday and on the lips of Jesus himself: the rejected stone become cornerstone, and "Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD."

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Psalm 118 is a song for walking through a gate. It was sung at Passover as the last of the Hallel psalms, which means Jesus sang it on the night he was betrayed, and its lines had already been shouted at him a few days earlier as he rode into Jerusalem: "Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD." The psalm begins with a refrain that Israel, the priests, and all who fear God are called to answer, "His loving devotion endures forever," and then tells a story in the first person. The speaker was in distress, surrounded, pushed to the edge of falling, and the LORD helped him. Now he comes to the gates of righteousness and asks to enter. There, in verse 22, he sings the line the whole New Testament will pick up: the stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. Jesus quoted it to the leaders who were about to reject him. Peter quoted it to the council that had crucified him. The psalm was written centuries earlier for a deliverance we cannot fully reconstruct, and it fit the greatest deliverance exactly. Read it as a procession: refrain, testimony, gate, altar, thanks. Then read it again as the Gospels did, and notice how much of Holy Week is already in it.

Mahahalagang sipi

Matthew 21:9 Matthew 21:42

Historical and literary context

The psalm closes the group of Psalms 113 to 118 known as the Egyptian Hallel, sung at Passover, which means it was almost certainly among the hymns Jesus and his disciples sang after the Last Supper. Its liturgical shape, with calls for Israel, the priests, and all who fear the LORD to answer, and a procession to the gates and the altar, suggests a festival of thanksgiving after deliverance, perhaps led by a king. Verse 14 quotes the song of Moses at the Red Sea, tying this rescue to the first one.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 4 call three groups to the refrain. Verses 5 to 18 are the testimony of an individual: distress, the LORD on my side, nations swarming like bees and extinguished like burning thorns, a push that nearly toppled him, severe discipline but not death. Verses 19 to 27 move to the gates: the righteous enter, the rejected stone becomes the cornerstone, "this is the day that the LORD has made," a prayer to save, a blessing on the one who comes in the LORD's name, and the festal sacrifice bound to the altar. Verses 28 and 29 return to personal thanks and the opening refrain.

Why this chapter matters

No psalm is quoted more often in the New Testament at decisive moments. Jesus applied the cornerstone verse to himself before the leaders who would reject him. The Palm Sunday crowd shouted verse 26. Peter used the cornerstone image before the Sanhedrin and again in his first letter. Hebrews quotes verse 6, "The LORD is on my side; I will not be afraid." Verse 24, "This is the day that the LORD has made," is one of the most sung lines in the Psalter. The psalm gave the early church its language for a rejected Messiah vindicated by God.

Interpretive tension to watch

Who is the "I" of the psalm? A king returning from battle, the nation personified, every worshiper who walks through the gates, or, as the Gospels read it, the Messiah? The psalm seems designed to be sung by all of them at once. Holding the readings together, rather than choosing one, is what lets the reader join the procession.

Mga tanong para sa kabanatang ito

  • Verses 8 and 9 say it is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in people or princes. What trust in "princes" is the psalm asking you to loosen?
  • The Gospels put verse 26 in the mouths of a crowd that would turn away within a week. What does that do to how you read the psalm's confidence?
  • Verse 18 says the LORD disciplined the speaker severely but did not give him over to death. How does discipline fit inside a thanksgiving psalm?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

Idagdag sa Mga Tala
1 Magpasalamat kay Yahweh, dahil siya ay mabuti, ang kaniyang katapatan sa tipan ay magpakailanman. 2 Hayaangm magsabi ang Israel, “Ang kaniyang katapatan sa tipan ay manananatili magpakailanman. 3 Hayaang magsabi ang sambahayan ni Aaron, “Ang kaniyang katapatan sa tipan ay mananatili magpakailanman. 4 Hayaang magsabi ang mga matapat na tagasunod ni Yahaweh, “Ang kaniyang katapatan sa tipan ay manananatili magpakailanman.” 5 Sa aking pagdurusa ay tumawag ako kay Yahweh; sinagot ako ni Yahweh at pinalaya ako. 6 Si Yahweh ay kasama ko; hindi ako matatakot; anong magagawa ng tao sa akin? 7 Si Yahweh ay katulong ko sa aking panig: kaya nakikita ang tagumpay ko sa kanila na napopoot sa akin. 8 Mas mabuting kumanlong kay Yahweh kaysa magtiwala sa tao. 9 Mas mabuting magkubli kay Yahweh kaysa magtiwala sa mga tao. 10 Nakapalibot sakin ang buong bansa; sa pangalan ni Yahweh ay pinutol ko sila. 11 Ako ay pinalilibutan nila; oo, ako ay pinalilibutan nila; sa pangalan ni Yahweh ay pinutol ko sila. 12 Ako ay pinalibutan nila na parang mga bubuyog; sila ay mabilis na naglaho na parang apoy sa gitna ng mga tinik; sa pangalan ni Yahweh ay pinutol ko sila. 13 Nilusob nila ako para patumbahin, pero tinulungan ako ni Yahweh. 14 Kalakasan at kagalakan ko si Yahweh, at siya ang nagligtas sa akin. 15 Ang sigaw ng kagalakan ng tagumpay ay narinig sa mga tolda ng matuwid; ang kanang kamay ni Yahweh ay nananakop. 16 Ang kanang kamay ni Yahweh ay itinaas; ang kanang kamay ni Yahweh ay nananakop. 17 Hindi ako mamamatay, pero mabubuhay at magpapahayag ako ng mga gawa ni Yahweh. 18 Pinarusahan ako ng malupit ni Yahweh; pero hindi niya ako inilagay sa kamatayan. 19 Buksan para sa akin ang mga tarangkahan ng katuwiran; papasok ako sa kanila at magpapasalamat kay Yahweh. 20 Ito ang tarangkahan ni Yahweh; ang mga matuwid ay papasok dito. 21 Ako ay magpapasalamat sa iyo dahil sinagot mo ako, at ikaw ang naging kaligtasan ko. 22 Ang bato na tinanggihan ng mga nagtayo ay naging panulukang bato. 23 Ito ay gawa ni Yahweh; kagila-gilalas ito sa harap ng ating mga mata. 24 Ito ang araw na kumilos si Yahweh; tayo ay magalak at magsaya. 25 Pakiusap, O Yahweh, bigyan mo kami ng tagumpay! Pakiusap, O Yahweh, bigyan mo kami ng tagumpay! 26 Pagpapalain siyang dumarating sa pangalan ni Yahweh; pinagpapala ka namin mula sa tahanan ni Yahweh. 27 Si Yahweh ay Diyos, at binigyan niya kami ng liwanag; itali ninyo ang handog ng mga panali sa mga sungay ng altar. 28 Ikaw ang aking Diyos, at magpapasalamat ako sa iyo; ikaw ang aking Diyos, ikaw ang aking itataas. 29 O, magpasalamat kay Yahweh; dahil siya ay mabuti; ang kaniyang katapatan sa tipan ay mananatili magpakailanman.

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