Luke 6

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Luke 6 moves from two Sabbath confrontations to a night of prayer, the choosing of the twelve apostles, and the Sermon on the Plain, Luke's counterpart to Matthew's Sermon on the Mount. Jesus blesses the poor, the hungry, the weeping, and the hated, pronounces woes on the rich, the full, the laughing, and the admired, and commands love of enemies, mercy like the Father's, and generosity that expects nothing back. He closes with the speck and the beam, the tree known by its fruit, and the two builders whose houses meet the flood.

Buksan ang komentaryo ng kabanata

Luke 6 begins in a grainfield on the Sabbath and ends with a house standing in a flood. In between, Jesus claims authority over the Sabbath, heals a man's hand in front of people looking for a charge against him, prays through a night, and chooses twelve men, one of whom will betray him. Then he comes down to a level place, and Luke gives his version of the great sermon. It is shorter and blunter than Matthew's. Blessed are you who are poor, who hunger now, who weep now, who are hated because of the Son of Man. Woe to you who are rich, who are full, who laugh, and of whom everyone speaks well, because you have already received your comfort. The heart of the sermon is enemy love, spelled out in verbs: love, do good, bless, pray, turn the other cheek, give, lend without expecting return. The reason is God's own character; he is kind to the ungrateful and wicked, so be merciful as your Father is merciful. Then the warnings: do not judge, take the beam out of your own eye, know a tree by its fruit, and do not call Jesus "Lord" while ignoring what he says. The sermon ends with two builders. Both hear the words. Only one digs down to the rock. When the torrent comes, and it comes to both, that is the whole difference.

Mahahalagang sipi

Luke 6:1-11 Luke 6:20-26 Luke 6:27-36 Luke 6:43-49 Matthew 5:1-12

Historical and literary context

The Sabbath disputes reflect the seriousness with which first-century Judaism guarded the seventh day and the growing hostility of the scribes and Pharisees toward Jesus's claim to authority over it. Luke sets the sermon on a level place with a crowd from Judea, Jerusalem, Tyre, and Sidon, a broader audience than Matthew's, and gives the teaching a sharper social edge: "you who are poor," not "poor in spirit," with matching woes on the rich. The list of the Twelve includes Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, "who became a traitor."

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 11 are the Sabbath disputes: grain plucked in the fields, David and the consecrated bread, "the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath," and the man with the withered hand healed under hostile eyes. Verses 12 to 16 are the night of prayer and the naming of the Twelve. Verses 17 to 19 set the scene of healing on the plain. Verses 20 to 26 give four blessings and four woes. Verses 27 to 36 command love of enemies, the golden rule, and mercy like the Father's. Verses 37 to 42 warn against judging and against the beam in one's own eye. Verses 43 to 49 test discipleship by fruit and by foundations.

Why this chapter matters

Luke 6 contains the Bible's most direct statement of Jesus's ethics of enemy love: love, do good, bless, pray for those who hate, curse, and mistreat you, and lend expecting nothing, because God "is kind to the ungrateful and wicked." The golden rule appears here in its positive form. "Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful" is Luke's version of Matthew's "be perfect." The woes make the sermon a warning to the comfortable as well as a comfort to the poor, and the closing parable of the two builders insists that hearing without doing is a house without a foundation.

Interpretive tension to watch

Luke's blessings and woes are concrete, the poor and the rich, the hungry and the well fed. Are they about economic condition, spiritual posture, or both? Matthew's "poor in spirit" and Luke's "you who are poor" have been read against each other for centuries. Holding them together, so that neither the material nor the spiritual reading cancels the other, is the reading the two Gospels seem to invite.

Mga tanong para sa kabanatang ito

  • Jesus spent a night in prayer before choosing the Twelve, and one of them became a traitor. What does that pairing say about prayer and outcomes?
  • The woes address the rich, the full, the laughing, and the well spoken of. Which of those is closest to your own position, and how does the sermon read from there?
  • Verse 46 asks why people call Jesus "Lord" and do not do what he says. Where is the gap between hearing and building in your own life?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

Idagdag sa Mga Tala
1 One Sabbath Jesus was passing through the grainfields, and His disciples began to pick the heads of grain, rub them in their hands, and eat them. 2 But some of the Pharisees asked, “Why are you doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?” 3 Jesus replied, “Have you not read what David did when he and his companions were hungry? 4 He entered the house of God, took the consecrated bread and gave it to his companions, and ate what is lawful only for the priests to eat.” 5 Then Jesus declared, “The Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.” 6 On another Sabbath Jesus entered the synagogue and was teaching, and a man was there whose right hand was withered. 7 Looking for a reason to accuse Jesus, the scribes and Pharisees were watching Him closely to see if He would heal on the Sabbath. 8 But Jesus knew their thoughts and said to the man with the withered hand, “Get up and stand among us.” So he got up and stood there. 9 Then Jesus said to them, “I ask you, which is lawful on the Sabbath: to do good or to do evil, to save life or to destroy it?” 10 And after looking around at all of them, He said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” He did so, and it was restored. 11 But the scribes and Pharisees were filled with rage and began to discuss with one another what they might do to Jesus. 12 In those days Jesus went out to the mountain to pray, and He spent the night in prayer to God. 13 When daylight came, He called His disciples to Him and chose twelve of them, whom He also designated as apostles: 14 Simon, whom He named Peter, and his brother Andrew; James and John; Philip and Bartholomew; 15 Matthew and Thomas; James son of Alphaeus and Simon called the Zealot; 16 Judas son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor. 17 Then Jesus came down with them and stood on a level place. A large crowd of His disciples was there, along with a great number of people from all over Judea, Jerusalem, and the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon. 18 They had come to hear Him and to be healed of their diseases, and those troubled by unclean spirits were healed. 19 The entire crowd was trying to touch Him, because power was coming from Him and healing them all. 20 Looking up at His disciples, Jesus said: “Blessed are you who are poor, for yours is the kingdom of God. 21 Blessed are you who hunger now, for you will be filled. Blessed are you who weep now, for you will laugh. 22 Blessed are you when people hate you, and when they exclude you and insult you and reject your name as evil because of the Son of Man. 23 Rejoice in that day and leap for joy, because great is your reward in heaven. For their fathers treated the prophets in the same way. 24 But woe to you who are rich, for you have already received your comfort. 25 Woe to you who are well fed now, for you will hunger. Woe to you who laugh now, for you will mourn and weep. 26 Woe to you when all men speak well of you, for their fathers treated the false prophets in the same way. 27 But to those of you who will listen, I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, 28 bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you. 29 If someone strikes you on one cheek, turn to him the other also. And if someone takes your cloak, do not withhold your tunic as well. 30 Give to everyone who asks you, and if anyone takes what is yours, do not demand it back. 31 Do to others as you would have them do to you. 32 If you love those who love you, what credit is that to you? Even sinners love those who love them. 33 If you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is that to you? Even sinners do the same. 34 And if you lend to those from whom you expect repayment, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners, expecting to be repaid in full. 35 But love your enemies, do good to them, and lend to them, expecting nothing in return. Then your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High; for He is kind to the ungrateful and wicked. 36 Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful. 37 Do not judge, and you will not be judged. Do not condemn, and you will not be condemned. Forgive, and you will be forgiven. 38 Give, and it will be given to you. A good measure, pressed down, shaken together, and running over will be poured into your lap. For with the measure you use, it will be measured back to you.” 39 Jesus also told them a parable: “Can a blind man lead a blind man? Will they not both fall into a pit? 40 A disciple is not above his teacher, but everyone who is fully trained will be like his teacher. 41 Why do you look at the speck in your brother’s eye, but fail to notice the beam in your own eye? 42 How can you say, ‘Brother, let me take the speck out of your eye,’ while you yourself fail to see the beam in your own eye? You hypocrite! First take the beam out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye. 43 No good tree bears bad fruit, nor does a bad tree bear good fruit. 44 For each tree is known by its own fruit. Indeed, figs are not gathered from thornbushes, nor grapes from brambles. 45 The good man brings good things out of the good treasure of his heart, and the evil man brings evil things out of the evil treasure of his heart. For out of the overflow of the heart, the mouth speaks. 46 Why do you call Me ‘Lord, Lord,’ but not do what I say? 47 I will show you what he is like who comes to Me and hears My words and acts on them: 48 He is like a man building a house, who dug down deep and laid his foundation on the rock. When the flood came, the torrent crashed against that house but could not shake it, because it was well built. 49 But the one who hears My words and does not act on them is like a man who built his house on ground without a foundation. The torrent crashed against that house, and immediately it fell—and great was its destruction!”

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