Efesios 5

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Ephesians 5 tells believers to imitate God as beloved children and to walk in love, in light, and in wisdom. It warns against sexual immorality, greed, and crude talk, calls the church to wake from sleep, to redeem the time, and to be filled with the Spirit rather than with wine, singing psalms and giving thanks. Then it turns to the household, beginning with mutual submission, and gives the New Testament's fullest picture of marriage: husbands are to love their wives as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her, and the union of two as one flesh is a profound mystery about Christ and the church.

장 주석 열기

Ephesians 5 begins with an instruction that sounds impossible, "be imitators of God," and immediately makes it concrete: walk in love, the way Christ loved you and gave himself up. Everything else in the chapter is an application of that sentence. Paul first draws a line between darkness and light. The old life of immorality, greed, and crude talk is not to be argued with but left behind; believers were darkness and are now light, and they are to live like it, exposing what hides in the dark. A line that may be an early Christian hymn calls the sleeper to wake and the dead to rise. Then wisdom: make the most of the time, understand what the Lord wants, and instead of the fullness of wine seek the fullness of the Spirit, which shows itself in singing, thanksgiving, and mutual submission out of reverence for Christ. The chapter's last section is its most famous and most contested. Wives are addressed in three verses, husbands in nine, and the husband's standard is Christ on the cross, loving the church enough to die for her. Paul quotes Genesis, the two becoming one flesh, and then says the thing that lifts the whole passage: this is a profound mystery, and he is talking about Christ and the church. Marriage, in this chapter, is a picture of the gospel drawn in ordinary life.

핵심 본문

Ephesians 5:1-2 Ephesians 5:8-14 Ephesians 5:15-21 Ephesians 5:25-33 Genesis 2:24

Historical and literary context

Paul wrote Ephesians from prison to churches in and around Ephesus, a city famous for its temple of Artemis and its magic, where new believers had come out of a world of pagan worship and loose morals. The first three chapters describe what God has done in Christ; chapters 4 to 6 describe the life that follows. The instructions to wives, husbands, children, and slaves adapt the standard "household code" of Greco-Roman moralists, but with a difference: every relationship is reframed by Christ, and the husband's role is defined by self-sacrifice rather than command.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 and 2 give the theme: imitate God, walk in love as Christ loved. Verses 3 to 14 contrast darkness and light, from immorality and greed, which is idolatry, to the fruit of the light in goodness, righteousness, and truth, ending with a call to wake up and rise from the dead. Verses 15 to 21 concern wisdom: redeeming the time, understanding the Lord's will, being filled with the Spirit, singing, giving thanks, and submitting to one another. Verses 22 to 33 address wives and husbands, grounding marriage in Christ's love for the church and in Genesis 2:24, and closing with love and respect.

Why this chapter matters

Ephesians 5 is the source of some of the most used and most argued-over lines in the New Testament. "Be filled with the Spirit" and the singing of psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs shaped Christian worship. "Redeeming the time" became a proverb. The marriage passage has been read at weddings for centuries and debated in every generation; its central demand is on husbands, who are told to love as Christ loved, to the point of giving themselves up. Verse 32, calling marriage a mystery about Christ and the church, gave the church its understanding of marriage as a living sign of the gospel.

Interpretive tension to watch

Verse 21, "submit to one another," introduces the household code, and verse 22 tells wives to submit to husbands. Readers disagree whether the passage teaches mutual submission that reshapes all the roles or a specific ordering within marriage. What is not in dispute is the passage's weight: three verses to wives, nine to husbands, and the model for the husband is a crucified Savior. Any reading that makes the passage about power has missed where Paul put the emphasis.

이 장을 위한 질문

Paul contrasts being drunk with wine and being filled with the Spirit. What does the comparison suggest about what fullness of the Spirit looks like in a gathering?
The husband's model is Christ, who "gave Himself up" for the church. What would that kind of love cost in an ordinary week?
Verse 32 calls marriage a mystery about Christ and the church. How does that change what a marriage is for?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

노트에 추가

1 Así que imiten a Dios, pues ustedes son sus hijos amados. 2 Vivan en amor, como Cristo los amó. Él se entregó por nosotros, y fue un don y ofrenda de sacrificio para Dios como un perfume con dulce aroma. 3 Nunca debería mencionarse la inmoralidad sexual o ningún tipo de indecencia o codicia al hablar de ustedes, pues el pueblo de Dios no debería estar haciendo tales cosas. 4 Las conversaciones obscenas, las charlas necias, y los chistes con doble sentido son totalmente inapropiados. Por el contrario, deberían dar gracias a Dios. 5 Ustedes saben que ciertamente ninguna persona que cometa inmoralidad sexual, indecencia, que sea codiciosa, o idólatra heredará cosa alguna en el reino de Cristo y de Dios. 6 No dejen que nadie los engañe con mentiras, porque por tales cosas el juicio de Dios es transmitido a los hijos de la desobediencia. 7 Así que no participen con ellos en esto. 8 En un tiempo ustedes estaban en tinieblas, pero ahora ustedes son luz en el Señor. Deben vivir como hijos de luz 9 (y el fruto de la luz es todo lo bueno y verdadero), 10 demostrando lo que el Señor realmente desea. 11 No tengan ningún tipo de relación con las cosas inútiles que produce la oscuridad, más bien, expónganlas. 12 Es incluso vergonzoso hablar de las cosas que tales personas hacen en secreto, 13 pero cuando algo es expuesto por la luz, entonces es revelado como realmente es. La luz hace visibles todas las cosas. 14 Por eso se dice: “Levántense, ustedes los que duermen, levántense de entre los muertos, y Cristo brillará sobre ustedes”. 15 Así que tengan cuidado en cuanto a su forma de vivir, no con necedad, sino con sabiduría, 16 haciendo el mejor uso posible de las oportunidades, porque los días están llenos de maldad. 17 Así que no sean ignorantes y averigüen cuál es la voluntad de Dios. 18 No se emborrachen con vino, porque esto arruinará sus vidas, más bien llénense del Espíritu. 19 Compartan juntos unos con otros por medio de salmos, himnos y cantos sagrados, cantando y creando música para el Señor con sus corazones. 20 Siempre den gracias a Dios el Padre por todas las cosas en el nombre de nuestro Señor Jesucristo. 21 Cada uno de ustedes debe estar dispuesto a aceptar lo que los demás les dicen a partir de la reverencia por Cristo. 22 Esposas, hagan lo que sus esposos les dicen, como lo harían si se los dijera el Señor. 23 El esposo es cabeza de la esposa del mismo modo que Cristo es la cabeza de la iglesia, así como su cuerpo y salvador. 24 Del mismo modo que la iglesia hace lo que Cristo dice, las esposas deben hacer lo que sus esposos les dicen en todo. 25 Esposos, amen a sus esposas de la misma manera que Cristo amó a la iglesia y se entregó por ella. 26 Él la santificó, la limpió al lavarse en el agua del mundo, 27 así pudo apropiarse de la iglesia, sin ningún defecto o mancha, sino santa e irreprochable. 28 Los esposos deben amar a sus esposas de esta manera, así como aman sus propios cuerpos. Un hombre que ama a su esposa se ama a sí mismo, 29 pues nunca nadie aborrece su propio cuerpo, sino que lo alimenta y lo cuida, así como Cristo lo hace por la iglesia, 30 pues nosotros somos partes de su cuerpo. 31 “Es por esto que un hombre deja a su padre y a su madre, y se une a su esposa, y los dos se unen, siendo ahora uno solo”. 32 Esta es una verdad profunda oculta, pero hablo de Cristo y de la iglesia. 33 Sin embargo, cada esposo debe amar a su propia esposa como a sí mismo, y la esposa debe respetar a su esposo.

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