1 Pedro 2

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1 Peter 2 tells scattered, suffering Christians who they are and how to live among people who distrust them. They are newborn babies craving pure milk, living stones built on Christ the rejected cornerstone into a spiritual house, a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, once not a people and now God's people. As foreigners and exiles they are to live so honorably that slanderers end up glorifying God, to submit to emperor and governors, to honor everyone, and, in the case of household servants, to endure even unjust masters. The reason is Christ, who suffered without retaliating, bore our sins in his body on the tree, and by whose wounds we are healed, so that straying sheep have returned to the Shepherd.

장 주석 열기

1 Peter 2 is addressed to people who were being talked about. They lived in the towns of Asia Minor as a suspect minority, called evildoers by their neighbors, and Peter's first move is not to tell them how to behave but to tell them who they are. Newborn children hungry for pure milk. Living stones being fitted into a temple built on a stone that the builders threw away, which God made the cornerstone. And then the titles that once belonged only to Israel, given to former pagans: a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people God owns, called out of darkness into a light that Peter calls marvelous. You were not a people, he says, and now you are. Only after that does he say how to live. As strangers passing through, keep your conduct so clean that the slander falls apart on its own and the slanderers end up giving glory to God. Submit to the emperor and his governors, even under Nero, because free people do not need to use their freedom as a cover. Honor everyone. Then he speaks to the household servants, who could be beaten at their master's whim, and he does not pretend it is fair; he says unjust suffering borne for God's sake is a grace, because that is exactly what Christ did. He did not hit back or threaten, but handed himself over to the one who judges justly, and he carried our sins in his own body onto the tree so that by his wounds we could be healed. We were sheep wandering off, Peter ends, and now we have come back to the Shepherd.

핵심 본문

1 Peter 2:4-10 1 Peter 2:11-12 1 Peter 2:13-17 1 Peter 2:21-25 Isaiah 53:4-9 Exodus 19:5-6

Historical and literary context

Peter writes from "Babylon," almost certainly Rome, to churches across five provinces of Asia Minor, probably in the early 60s under Nero, before the great persecution but in a climate of suspicion, slander, and social pressure against Christians. The letter's "foreigners and exiles" reflects their status as a religious minority without civic standing. The stone texts are drawn from Isaiah 28, Psalm 118, and Isaiah 8, and the titles of verse 9 from Exodus 19 and Isaiah 43, transferring Israel's vocabulary to a mostly Gentile church. Household servants, addressed in verse 18, were a large part of early congregations and had no legal protection against harsh masters. Verses 22 to 25 weave together Isaiah 53.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 3 call for the shedding of malice and a craving for pure milk. Verses 4 to 8 develop the stone: Christ the living stone, believers as living stones and priests, and the three Old Testament stone texts with their contrast between believers and stumblers. Verses 9 and 10 give the four titles and the reversal from no-people to God's people. Verses 11 and 12 turn to conduct among Gentiles. Verses 13 to 17 concern submission to civil authority and honor for all. Verses 18 to 20 address servants under unjust masters. Verses 21 to 25 present Christ's suffering as example and atonement, in the words of Isaiah 53.

Why this chapter matters

Verse 9 is the New Testament's foundation for the priesthood of all believers, and its four titles have named churches, hymns, and movements. "By His stripes you are healed" in verse 24 is one of the most quoted lines on the atonement, and the picture of Christ who "when they heaped abuse on Him, did not retaliate" is the classic model for Christian nonretaliation. Verses 13 to 17 shaped Christian teaching on the state, and "honor the king" was a text of obedience through centuries of monarchy. The living stones and spiritual house gave the church its self-understanding as a temple built of people.

Interpretive tension to watch

The command to servants to submit even to unreasonable masters has been used to defend slavery, and readers must weigh Peter's aim, which is the dignity of those who suffer unjustly, against the misuse of his words. "Honor the king" was written under Nero, which raises the question of what submission to authority means when the authority is wicked, a question Peter answers with the limits implied by "fear God." The phrase "to this they were appointed" in verse 8 is a standing text in debates about predestination. Whether "by His stripes you are healed" promises physical healing is a further dispute; Peter applies it to sin and straying.

이 장을 위한 질문

Peter calls a scattered minority a chosen people, a royal priesthood, and a holy nation. How does knowing who you are change how you bear being distrusted?
He tells believers to live so well among outsiders that their slanderers end up praising God. What would that look like in your workplace or neighborhood?
Christ "did not retaliate" but "entrusted Himself to Him who judges justly." What makes it possible to absorb injustice without either revenge or despair?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

노트에 추가

1 Así que renuncien a las malas obras que hacen: la deshonestidad, la hipocresía, el hablar mal de los demás. 2 Deben volverse como bebés recién nacidos que solo quieren leche espiritual pura, para que puedan crecer en la salvación 3 ahora que han probado cuán bueno es el Señor. 4 Cuando se acerquen a él, la piedra viva que la gente rechazó como si fuera inútil, - pero que es elegida por Dios y preciada para él – 5 ustedes también se convierten en piedras vivas, edificadas en una casa espiritual. Ustedes son sacerdocio santo que ofrece sacrificios espirituales y que Dios recibe con agrado por medio de Jesucristo. 6 Como dice la Escritura: “¡Miren! Yo establezco en Sión su piedra angular, una piedra escogida de manera especial y valiosa. Todo el que crea en él no será defraudado”. 7 Él es muy valioso para todos ustedes los que creen. Pero para los que no creen, “La piedra que los constructores rechazaron, y que llegó a ser la piedra angular del fundamento”. 8 es “La piedra que hace tropezar y los hace caer”. La gente tropieza con este mensaje porque se niegan a aceptarlo, lo cual es completamente predecible en cuanto a ellos. 9 En cambio, ustedes son una familia elegida de manera especial, un sacerdocio real, una nación santa, un pueblo que pertenece a Dios. Por eso, pueden revelar las cosas maravillosas que él ha hecho, al sacarlos de la oscuridad a su luz admirable. 10 En el pasado, ustedes no eran nadie, pero ahora son el pueblo de Dios. En el pasado carecieron de misericordia, pero ahora la han recibido. 11 Amigos míos, les ruego como si fueran extranjeros en este mundo, que no se rindan ante los deseos físicos que están en oposición a lo espiritual. 12 Asegúrense de actuar apropiadamente cuando estén en compañía de quienes no son cristianos, para que incluso si los acusaran de hacer lo malo, ellos puedan ver sus buenas obras y glorifiquen a Dios cuando venga. 13 Obedezcan a la autoridad humana, por causa del Señor, ya sea al rey, como autoridad suprema, 14 o a los gobernantes que Dios designa para castigar a los que hacen el mal y dar reconocimiento a los que hacen el bien. 15 Dios quiere que al hacer el bien ustedes hagan callar las acusaciones ignorantes de los necios. 16 ¡Sí! ¡Ustedes son un pueblo libre! Así que no usen la libertad para disimular la maldad, sino vivan como siervos de Dios. 17 Respeten a todos. Muestren su amor por la comunidad de creyentes. Reverencien a Dios. Respeten al rey. 18 Si eres un siervo, entonces mantente sujeto a tu amo, no solo a los que son buenos y nobles, sino también a los que son duros. 19 Porque en esto consiste la gracia: soportar el dolor de la vida y el sufrimiento injusto, pero manteniendo la mente enfocada en Dios. 20 Sin embargo, no hay crédito si eres castigado por hacer el mal. Pero si sufres por hacer lo recto, y lo soportas, entonces la gracia de Dios está contigo. 21 En efecto, a esto han sido llamados, porque Cristo sufrió por ustedes y les dio un ejemplo, para que siguieran sus pasos. 22 Él nunca pecó, ni mintió; 23 y cuando fue maltratado, no replicó. Cuando sufrió, no amenazó con venganza. Simplemente se puso en manos de Aquél que juzga siempre con justicia. 24 Tomó las consecuencias de nuestros pecados sobre sí mismo en su cuerpo en la cruz para que nosotros pudiéramos morir al pecado y vivir en justicia. “Por sus heridas, somos sanados”. 25 En un tiempo ustedes eran como ovejas que habían perdido su camino, pero ahora han regresado al pastor, al que cuida de ustedes.

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