Jeremia 1

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Jeremiah 1 is the call of a reluctant prophet. God tells a young priest from Anathoth that he was known and set apart before he was formed in the womb, and appointed as a prophet to the nations. Jeremiah protests that he is only a child and cannot speak; God touches his mouth, puts his words in it, and gives him a commission in six verbs, four of them destructive and two constructive. Two visions follow, an almond branch and a boiling pot tilting from the north, and the chapter ends with God making Jeremiah a fortified city, an iron pillar, and bronze walls against a whole nation that will fight him and not win.

장 주석 열기

Jeremiah 1 tells how a young man from a priestly village became the prophet who would watch his nation die. The call comes without warning: before I formed you in the womb I knew you, before you were born I set you apart, I appointed you a prophet to the nations. Jeremiah's answer is the answer of nearly everyone God calls in the Bible: I do not know how to speak; I am only a child. God does not argue about his age. He tells him where to go and what to say, promises to be with him, and touches his mouth. The commission that follows is unsettling. Jeremiah is appointed over nations and kingdoms to uproot, tear down, destroy, and overthrow, and only then to build and plant. Most of his book will be the first four verbs. Two visions confirm the call. An almond branch, the first tree to wake in spring, becomes a pun on God watching over his word to do it. A boiling pot tilting from the north becomes Babylon, the disaster that will pour over Judah for its idolatry. Then God tells Jeremiah to get ready and not to be intimidated, and gives him the only protection a prophet gets: I have made you a fortified city, an iron pillar, bronze walls. Kings, officials, priests, and people will fight you. They will not win. I am with you. That promise had to last forty years, and it did.

핵심 본문

Jeremiah 1:4-10 Jeremiah 1:11-16 Jeremiah 1:17-19 Exodus 4:10-12 Isaiah 6:5-8

Historical and literary context

The chapter dates Jeremiah's call to the thirteenth year of King Josiah, about 627 BC, and spans his ministry to the fall of Jerusalem in 586 BC under Zedekiah, roughly forty years. Anathoth was a priestly village a few miles from Jerusalem, and Jeremiah belonged to a priestly family, though he would spend his life at odds with the temple establishment. The "disaster from the north" is Babylon, which would rise after Assyria's collapse and destroy Judah within Jeremiah's lifetime. The almond vision turns on a Hebrew pun: the word for almond sounds like the word for watching.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 3 give the superscription, the prophet's origin and the kings under whom he served. Verses 4 to 10 are the call: God's prior knowledge and consecration, Jeremiah's objection, God's answer and touch, the words placed in his mouth, and the commission to uproot, tear down, destroy, overthrow, build, and plant. Verses 11 to 16 are the two visions with their interpretations: the almond branch for God watching over his word, the boiling pot for disaster from the north as judgment for idolatry. Verses 17 to 19 are the charge: get ready, do not be intimidated, you are a fortified city, they will fight you and not overcome you, for I am with you.

Why this chapter matters

Jeremiah 1:5, "Before I formed you in the womb I knew you," is among the most quoted verses in the Bible, cited on vocation, on the value of unborn life, and on the priority of God's knowledge of a person over that person's self-knowledge. The call pattern, divine initiative, human objection, divine reassurance, sign, stands with the calls of Moses, Isaiah, and Gideon. The six-verb commission shows that prophetic work is more demolition than construction, which explains the shape of the book that follows. And the chapter's closing promise, "they will fight against you but will never overcome you," was tested through forty years of rejection, imprisonment, and exile.

Interpretive tension to watch

God knew and appointed Jeremiah before birth, and Jeremiah still objects. Does foreknowledge cancel freedom, or does the dialogue itself show that God's appointment engages a real person who must consent and be equipped? The chapter presents both without embarrassment. And the promise of protection did not spare Jeremiah suffering; it promised that his opponents would not prevail, which is a narrower and more durable promise than safety.

이 장을 위한 질문

Jeremiah's first words to God are an objection. What does it say about God that the call includes room for it?
Four of the six verbs in Jeremiah's commission are about tearing down. Why might God's word need to demolish before it builds?
God promises that Jeremiah's enemies will not overcome him, not that they will not attack. How does that promise hold up against the rest of Jeremiah's life?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

노트에 추가

1 Dies sind die Reden Jeremia's, des Sohnes Hilkias, aus den Priestern zu Anathoth im Lande Benjamin, 2 zu welchem geschah das Wort des HERRN zur Zeit Josias, des Sohnes Amons, des Königs in Juda, im dreizehnten Jahr seines Königreichs, 3 und hernach zur Zeit des Königs in Juda, Jojakims, des Sohnes Josias, bis ans Ende des elften Jahres Zedekias, des Sohnes Josias, des Königs in Juda, bis auf die Gefangenschaft Jerusalems im fünften Monat. 4 Und des HERRN Wort geschah zu mir und sprach: 5 Ich kannte dich, ehe denn ich dich im Mutterleibe bereitete, und sonderte dich aus, ehe denn du von der Mutter geboren wurdest, und stellte dich zum Propheten unter die Völker. 6 Ich aber sprach: Ach Herr HERR, ich tauge nicht, zu predigen; denn ich bin zu jung. 7 Der HERR sprach aber zu mir: Sage nicht: “Ich bin zu jung”; sondern du sollst gehen, wohin ich dich sende, und predigen, was ich dich heiße. 8 Fürchte dich nicht vor ihnen; denn ich bin bei dir und will dich erretten, spricht der HERR. 9 Und der HERR reckte seine Hand aus und rührte meinen Mund an und sprach zu mir: Siehe, ich lege meine Worte in deinen Mund. 10 Siehe, ich setze dich heute dieses Tages über Völker und Königreiche, daß du ausreißen, zerbrechen, verstören und verderben sollst und bauen und pflanzen. 11 Und es geschah des HERRN Wort zu mir und sprach: Jeremia, was siehst du? Ich sprach: Ich sehe einen erwachenden Zweig. 12 Und der HERR sprach zu mir: Du hast recht gesehen; denn ich will wachen über mein Wort, daß ich's tue. 13 Und es geschah des HERRN Wort zum andernmal zu mir und sprach: Was siehst du? Ich sprach: Ich sehe einen heißsiedenden Topf von Mitternacht her. 14 Und der HERR sprach zu mir: Von Mitternacht wird das Unglück ausbrechen über alle, die im Lande wohnen. 15 Denn siehe, ich will rufen alle Fürsten in den Königreichen gegen Mitternacht, spricht der HERR, daß sie kommen sollen und ihre Stühle setzen vor die Tore zu Jerusalem und rings um die Mauern her und vor alle Städte Juda's. 16 Und ich will das Recht lassen über sie gehen um all ihrer Bosheit willen, daß sie mich verlassen und räuchern andern Göttern und beten an ihrer Hände Werk. 17 So begürte nun deine Lenden und mache dich auf und predige ihnen alles, was ich dich heiße. Erschrick nicht vor ihnen, auf daß ich dich nicht erschrecke vor ihnen; 18 denn ich will dich heute zur festen Stadt, zur eisernen Säule, zur ehernen Mauer machen im ganzen Lande, wider die Könige Juda's, wider ihre Fürsten, wider ihre Priester, wider das Volk im Lande, 19 daß, wenn sie gleich wider dich streiten, sie dennoch nicht sollen wider dich siegen; denn ich bin bei dir, spricht der HERR, daß ich dich errette.

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