Epheser 1

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Ephesians 1 opens with a blessing that in Greek is a single sentence of 202 words, running from verse 3 to verse 14. It praises God for every spiritual blessing in Christ: chosen before the foundation of the world, predestined for adoption, redeemed through his blood, forgiven, let in on the mystery of God's will to bring everything together in Christ, made heirs, and sealed with the promised Holy Spirit as the down payment on the inheritance, all "to the praise of His glory." Then Paul prays that his readers may know the hope of God's calling, the riches of his inheritance, and the greatness of his power, the power that raised Christ and seated him above every authority as head over everything for the church.

장 주석 열기

Ephesians 1 begins with a sentence that Paul, or his secretary, could not bring himself to end. From verse 3 to verse 14 it is one Greek sentence, 202 words long, and it is one of the great pieces of praise in the Bible. Blessed be God, it says, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in Christ. Then it unrolls the blessings like a scroll. He chose us before the world was founded. He predestined us to be adopted as his children. He redeemed us with his Son's blood and forgave our trespasses, lavishly. He let us in on the secret of his plan, which is to gather everything in heaven and on earth under one head, Christ. He made us heirs. And he sealed us with the Holy Spirit, the first installment of an inheritance still to come. Three times the sentence catches its breath with the same phrase: to the praise of his glory. Only then does Paul turn to his readers, and what he does is pray for them. He asks that God would open the eyes of their hearts to see three things they already possess, the hope they were called to, the wealth of the inheritance, and the size of the power at work in them. To measure that power he points to the one place it has been fully shown: God raised Christ from the dead, seated him at his right hand above every authority and every name, put everything under his feet, and made him head over all of it for the sake of the church, which is his body. The letter has not asked anything of its readers yet. It is still telling them what they have.

핵심 본문

Ephesians 1:3-6 Ephesians 1:7-10 Ephesians 1:13-14 Ephesians 1:15-19 Ephesians 1:20-23 Romans 8:28-30

Historical and literary context

The letter was written from prison, traditionally Rome around AD 60 to 62, and the words "in Ephesus" are absent from the oldest manuscripts, so it was probably a circular letter to the churches of the Roman province of Asia, of which Ephesus was the capital. Ephesus was famous for the temple of Artemis and for magic, which gives the letter's emphasis on Christ above "all rule and authority, power and dominion" a local edge. The opening blessing follows the form of a Jewish berakah, "Blessed be God," and the language of election and inheritance is Israel's, now applied to a church of Jews and Gentiles. A seal marked ownership and authenticity, and the "pledge" was a first installment guaranteeing full payment. Some scholars think a disciple wrote the letter in Paul's name.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 and 2 are the greeting. Verses 3 to 14 are the blessing, which many divide by the three persons: the Father's choosing and predestining in verses 3 to 6, the Son's redemption and the revealed mystery in verses 7 to 12, and the Spirit's sealing in verses 13 and 14, each part ending with "to the praise of His glory." Verses 15 to 23 are the thanksgiving and prayer: thanks for their faith and love, the request for a spirit of wisdom and enlightened eyes, the three things to know, and the description of Christ's resurrection, enthronement, and headship over the church, which is his body and fullness.

Why this chapter matters

The chapter is the New Testament's densest statement of election and predestination and has been the battleground for that doctrine since Augustine; it is also the source of the phrase "the praise of His glory" and of the picture of the Spirit as seal and deposit. Verse 10, God's plan "to bring all things in heaven and on earth together in Christ," has shaped Christian thinking about the cosmic scope of salvation. The prayer of verses 17 to 19 is one of the most prayed passages of Scripture, and verses 20 to 23, Christ seated above every power with everything under his feet, ground the church's confidence in a world of rival authorities. "The church, which is His body" begins the letter's great theme.

Interpretive tension to watch

Whether "He chose us" means God chose individuals for salvation or chose a people in Christ, and whether predestination is compatible with human freedom, are questions this chapter raises without settling, and Christian traditions have divided over it for sixteen centuries. The 202-word sentence resists translation, and every English version has to decide where to break it and how to attach phrases such as "in love." Verse 23, the church as "the fullness of Him who fills all in all," can mean that Christ fills the church or that the church completes Christ, and interpreters disagree. The letter's authorship and the missing "in Ephesus" remain open questions.

이 장을 위한 질문

The blessing lists what God has done before anyone asked. How does starting from God's initiative rather than your own change the way you pray?
Paul prays that the "eyes of your heart" be enlightened to know hope, inheritance, and power. Which of the three is hardest for you to see right now?
The power at work in believers is the power that raised Christ from the dead. Where in your life would you expect to see that kind of power?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

노트에 추가

1 Paulus, ein Apostel Jesu Christi durch den Willen Gottes, den Heiligen zu Ephesus und Gläubigen an Christum Jesum: 2 Gnade sei mit euch und Friede von Gott, unserm Vater, und dem HERRN Jesus Christus! 3 Gelobet sei Gott und der Vater unsers HERRN Jesu Christi, der uns gesegnet hat mit allerlei geistlichem Segen in himmlischen Gütern durch Christum; 4 wie er uns denn erwählt hat durch denselben, ehe der Welt Grund gelegt war, daß wir sollten sein heilig und unsträflich vor ihm in der Liebe; 5 und hat uns verordnet zur Kindschaft gegen sich selbst durch Jesum Christum nach dem Wohlgefallen seines Willens, 6 zu Lob seiner herrlichen Gnade, durch welche er uns hat angenehm gemacht in dem Geliebten, 7 an welchem wir haben die Erlösung durch sein Blut, die Vergebung der Sünden, nach dem Reichtum seiner Gnade, 8 welche uns reichlich widerfahren ist durch allerlei Weisheit und Klugheit; 9 und er hat uns wissen lassen das Geheimnis seines Willens nach seinem Wohlgefallen, so er sich vorgesetzt hatte in ihm, 10 daß es ausgeführt würde, da die Zeit erfüllet war, auf daß alle Dinge zusammengefaßt würden in Christo, beide, das im Himmel und auf Erden ist, durch ihn, 11 durch welchen wir auch zum Erbteil gekommen sind, die wir zuvor verordnet sind nach dem Vorsatz des, der alle Dinge wirkt nach dem Rat seines Willens, 12 auf daß wir etwas seien zu Lob seiner Herrlichkeit, die wir zuvor auf Christum hofften; 13 durch welchen auch ihr gehört habt das Wort der Wahrheit, das Evangelium von eurer Seligkeit; durch welchen ihr auch, da ihr gläubig wurdet, versiegelt worden seid mit dem Heiligen Geist der Verheißung, 14 welcher ist das Pfand unsers Erbes zu unsrer Erlösung, daß wir sein Eigentum würden zu Lob seiner Herrlichkeit. 15 Darum auch ich, nachdem ich gehört habe von dem Glauben bei euch an den HERRN Jesus und von eurer Liebe zu allen Heiligen, 16 höre ich nicht auf, zu danken für euch, und gedenke euer in meinem Gebet, 17 daß der Gott unsers HERRN Jesus Christi, der Vater der Herrlichkeit, gebe euch den Geist der Weisheit und der Offenbarung zu seiner selbst Erkenntnis 18 und erleuchtete Augen eures Verständnisses, daß ihr erkennen möget, welche da sei die Hoffnung eurer Berufung, und welcher sei der Reichtum seines herrlichen Erbes bei seinen Heiligen, 19 und welche da sei die überschwengliche Größe seiner Kraft an uns, die wir glauben nach der Wirkung seiner mächtigen Stärke, 20 welche er gewirkt hat in Christo, da er ihn von den Toten auferweckt hat und gesetzt zu seiner Rechten im Himmel 21 über alle Fürstentümer, Gewalt, Macht, Herrschaft und alles, was genannt mag werden, nicht allein auf dieser Welt, sondern auch in der zukünftigen; 22 und hat alle Dinge unter seine Füße getan und hat ihn gesetzt zum Haupt der Gemeinde über alles, 23 welche da ist sein Leib, nämlich die Fülle des, der alles in allem erfüllt.

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