2 Timothy 2

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2 Timothy 2 is Paul's charge to his younger colleague from a Roman prison. Be strong in grace, pass on what you heard to faithful people who can teach others, and share in suffering like a soldier, an athlete, and a farmer. Remember Jesus Christ, risen and descended from David; Paul is chained, but the word of God is not. A trustworthy saying follows: if we died with him we will live with him, if we endure we will reign, if we are faithless he remains faithful. Then practical counsel: avoid quarrels over words, handle the word of truth accurately, shun godless chatter, be a vessel for honor, flee youthful passions, and correct opponents gently, hoping God grants them repentance.

장 주석 열기

2 Timothy 2 is a man in chains telling a younger man how to carry on without him. Paul is in a Roman cell, expecting death, and what he wants Timothy to hear first is not advice but a source: be strong in the grace that is in Christ Jesus. Then the handover. Everything you heard me teach in front of witnesses, give to reliable people who can teach it to others; that is four generations in one sentence, and it is how the church has survived. Expect it to be hard, he says, and reaches for three pictures every reader knew: a soldier who does not get tangled in civilian business, an athlete who wins only by the rules, a farmer who works before he eats. At the center of the chapter stands the reason for all of it: remember Jesus Christ, raised from the dead. I am chained like a criminal, Paul says, but the word of God is not chained. Then he quotes what may be an early hymn, four lines about dying and living, enduring and reigning, denying and being denied, and the last line, which turns the logic around: if we are faithless, he remains faithful, because he cannot deny himself. The rest is counsel for a pastor in a quarrelsome church. Do not fight about words. Handle the word of truth straight, like a workman with nothing to be ashamed of. Stay away from empty chatter that spreads like gangrene. Keep yourself clean like a vessel fit for the master's table. Run from the passions of youth, and when people oppose you, correct them gently, because the goal is not to win but to see God give them repentance.

핵심 본문

2 Timothy 2:1-7 2 Timothy 2:8-13 2 Timothy 2:14-19 2 Timothy 2:22-26 2 Timothy 4:6-8 1 Timothy 1:18-20

Historical and literary context

The letter presents itself as Paul's last, written from a second Roman imprisonment shortly before his execution under Nero, around AD 66 or 67, to Timothy in Ephesus. The soldier who avoids civilian entanglements, the athlete who competes by the rules, and the farmer who eats first were familiar images in Greek moral teaching. "Chained like a criminal" reflects harsh conditions unlike the house arrest of Acts 28. Hymenaeus, also named in 1 Timothy, and Philetus taught that the resurrection had already happened, probably in a spiritualized form. The large house with vessels of gold and clay pictures a Roman household. Some scholars hold that the letter was composed by a follower after Paul's death.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 7 charge Timothy to be strong, to entrust the teaching to faithful people, and to suffer like soldier, athlete, and farmer. Verses 8 to 13 center on Jesus, Paul's chains, the unchained word, and the trustworthy saying. Verses 14 to 19 address disputes: avoid word battles, be an approved workman, avoid empty talk, beware Hymenaeus and Philetus, and stand on God's firm foundation. Verses 20 to 21 give the picture of vessels in a great house. Verses 22 to 26 counsel fleeing youthful passions, pursuing righteousness with the pure-hearted, avoiding foolish quarrels, and correcting opponents with gentleness.

Why this chapter matters

Verse 2, with its four generations of teaching, Paul to Timothy to faithful people to others, is the classic text for discipleship and leadership training. Verse 15, "an unashamed workman who accurately handles the word of truth," gave the King James phrase "rightly dividing the word of truth" and has been the motto of Bible study for centuries. "The word of God cannot be chained" has comforted imprisoned believers, and "if we are faithless, He remains faithful" is one of the New Testament's deepest assurances. The gentle correction of verses 24 to 26 is the standard for how Christian leaders should treat opponents.

Interpretive tension to watch

The trustworthy saying holds two hard lines side by side: "if we deny Him, He will also deny us" and "if we are faithless, He remains faithful," and readers differ on whether the second softens the first or means that God's faithfulness includes judgment. The "vessels for common use" in the great house have been read as unbelievers, as false teachers, or as believers in need of cleansing. Whether "youthful passions" means sexual desire or the impatience and love of argument the context suggests is debated. And the letter's authorship shapes how one hears its farewell tone.

이 장을 위한 질문

Paul wants what he taught to reach a fourth generation. Who taught you, and who are you entrusting it to?
"If we are faithless, He remains faithful." How does that promise change the way you handle your own failures?
Paul tells Timothy to correct opponents gently, hoping God grants them repentance. What does that rule out in the way we argue?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

노트에 추가

1 そこで、わが子よ。キリスト・イエスにある恵みによって強くなりなさい。 2 多くの証人の前で私から聞いたことを、他の人にも教える力のある忠実な人たちにゆだねなさい。 3 キリスト・イエスのりっぱな兵士として、私と苦しみをともにしてください。 4 兵役についていながら、日常生活のことに掛かり合っている者はだれもありません。それは徴募した者を喜ばせるためです。 5 また、競技をするときも、規定に従って競技をしなければ栄冠を得ることはできません。 6 労苦した農夫こそ、まず第一に収穫の分け前にあずかるべきです。 7 私が言っていることをよく考えなさい。主はすべてのことについて、理解する力をあなたに必ず与えてくださいます。 8 私の福音に言うとおり、ダビデの子孫として生まれ、死者の中からよみがえったイエス・キリストを、いつも思っていなさい。 9 私は、福音のために、苦しみを受け、犯罪者のようにつながれています。しかし、神のことばは、つながれてはいません。 10 ですから、私は選ばれた人たちのために、すべてのことを耐え忍びます。それは、彼らもまたキリスト・イエスにある救いと、それとともに、とこしえの栄光を受けるようになるためです。 11 次のことばは信頼すべきことばです。「もし私たちが、彼とともに死んだのなら、彼とともに生きるようになる。 12 もし耐え忍んでいるなら、彼とともに治めるようになる。もし彼を否んだなら、彼もまた私たちを否まれる。 13 私たちは真実でなくても、彼は常に真実である。彼にはご自身を否むことができないからである。」 14 これらのことを人々に思い出させなさい。そして何の益にもならず、聞いている人々を滅ぼすことになるような、ことばについての論争などしないように、神の御前できびしく命じなさい。 15 あなたは熟練した者、すなわち、真理のみことばをまっすぐに説き明かす、恥じることのない働き人として、自分を神にささげるよう、努め励みなさい。 16 俗悪なむだ話を避けなさい。人々はそれによってますます不敬虔に深入りし、 17 彼らの話は癌のように広がるのです。ヒメナオとピレトはその仲間です。 18 彼らは真理からはずれてしまい、復活がすでに起こったと言って、ある人々の信仰をくつがえしているのです。 19 それにもかかわらず、神の不動の礎は堅く置かれていて、それに次のような銘が刻まれています。「主はご自分に属する者を知っておられる。」また、「主の御名を呼ぶ者は、だれでも不義を離れよ。」 20 大きな家には、金や銀の器だけでなく、木や土の器もあります。また、ある物は尊いことに、ある物は卑しいことに用います。 21 ですから、だれでも自分自身をきよめて、これらのことを離れるなら、その人は尊いことに使われる器となります。すなわち、きよめられたもの、主人にとって有益なもの、あらゆる良いわざに間に合うものとなるのです。 22 それで、あなたは、若い時の情欲を避け、きよい心で主を呼び求める人たちとともに、義と信仰と愛と平和を追い求めなさい。 23 愚かで、無知な思弁を避けなさい。それが争いのもとであることは、あなたが知っているとおりです。 24 主のしもべが争ってはいけません。むしろ、すべての人に優しくし、よく教え、よく忍び、 25 反対する人たちを柔和な心で訓戒しなさい。もしかすると、神は彼らに悔い改めの心を与えて真理を悟らせ、 26 一時は悪魔に捕えられて思うままになっていた人々でも、目ざめてそのわなをのがれることもあるでしょう。

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