1 Corinthians 10

이 장을 의도를 가지고 읽기

1 Corinthians 10 warns a confident church with the story of Israel in the wilderness. All of them were baptized into Moses in the cloud and the sea, all ate the spiritual food and drank from the rock that was Christ, and most of them died in the desert anyway for their sins. Those things were written as warnings for us: the one who thinks he stands should take care, and God faithfully provides a way out of every temptation. Then Paul applies it: flee idolatry, because the Lord's cup and bread are a sharing in Christ and you cannot drink the cup of demons too. Market meat may be eaten freely, but not when a conscience is at stake. Whatever you do, do it to the glory of God.

장 주석 열기

1 Corinthians 10 is addressed to Christians who thought they were safe. They had knowledge, they had the sacraments, they knew an idol was nothing, and some of them were going to dinners in pagan temples to prove it. Paul answers with a history lesson. Our ancestors, he says, had it all: the cloud, the crossing of the sea, which was a kind of baptism, bread from heaven and water from a rock, which was a kind of communion, and Christ himself was the rock. And their bodies were scattered across the desert, because they made a calf and sat down to eat and drink and play, because they slept with the women of Moab, because they tested the Lord and grumbled against him. Those stories were written down for us, Paul says, the people on whom the end of the ages has arrived, so let the one who thinks he is standing watch his feet. Then comes the promise that has steadied more people than almost any other in the New Testament: no temptation has taken you that is not common to everyone, and God is faithful and will always leave a way out. From there the argument turns to the table. The cup we bless is a sharing in Christ's blood, the bread a sharing in his body, and because there is one loaf we are one body; a temple feast is a sharing with demons, and you cannot sit at both tables. In ordinary life, eat what the market sells and what your neighbor serves, and stop only when someone else's conscience is on the line. Do it all, Paul ends, for the glory of God.

핵심 본문

1 Corinthians 10:1-13 1 Corinthians 10:14-22 1 Corinthians 10:23-30 1 Corinthians 10:31-33 1 Corinthians 8:4-13 Numbers 25:1-9

Historical and literary context

Paul wrote from Ephesus around AD 54 or 55 to a church in a city full of temples, where most meat sold in the market had passed through a sacrifice and where civic and social life revolved around dinners in temple precincts. Some Corinthians, confident in their knowledge that idols were nothing, were attending such feasts, and this chapter closes the argument that began in chapter 8. The wilderness events, the golden calf with its eating and revelry, the plague after Baal-peor, the snakes, and the deaths of the grumblers, come from Exodus and Numbers, and the rabbinic tradition of a rock that followed Israel through the desert lies behind verse 4. The "cup of blessing" is the third cup of the Passover meal, taken into the Lord's Supper.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 5 recall the privileges of the wilderness generation and their deaths. Verses 6 to 10 list four sins to avoid, each with its wilderness precedent. Verses 11 to 13 draw the lesson, with the warning to the confident and the promise of a way of escape. Verses 14 to 22 argue from the Lord's Supper and Israel's altar that eating at an idol's table is participation with demons and provokes the Lord to jealousy. Verses 23 to 30 give practical rules: freedom to eat market meat and to dine with unbelievers, restraint when a conscience is in view. Verses 31 to 33 close with the glory of God, the avoidance of offense, and Paul's own example of seeking the good of many.

Why this chapter matters

Verse 13, "God is faithful; He will not let you be tempted beyond what you can bear," is one of the most quoted promises in the New Testament, and verse 31, "whatever you do, do it all to the glory of God," has been a motto of Christian vocation. Verses 16 and 17, the cup as a sharing in Christ's blood and the one loaf making many one body, are foundational for every theology of the Eucharist and of the church as one body. The chapter's reading of the exodus as a pattern for the church, with baptism and spiritual food and drink, established the typological reading of the Old Testament that runs through Christian interpretation.

Interpretive tension to watch

Verse 13 is often quoted as a promise about suffering, though it is about temptation, and readers must decide how far it reaches. Paul both affirms that idols are nothing and warns that pagan sacrifices involve demons, two positions he holds together but does not fully reconcile. The rule about not eating when someone points out the meat's origin, "the other one's conscience, I mean, not your own," is followed by questions in verses 29 and 30 that seem to argue the opposite, and interpreters differ on whether Paul is voicing a Corinthian objection. The rock that "accompanied them" reads a Jewish legend as Christ, which raises the question of how Paul uses Scripture.

이 장을 위한 질문

Israel had the cloud, the sea, the manna, and the rock, and still fell. What privileges tempt believers today to think they are safe?
"You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons too." What tables in your life compete with the Lord's table?
Paul gives up a freedom for the sake of someone else's conscience. When have you done that, and when should you not?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

노트에 추가

1 弟兄们，我不愿意你们不晓得，我们的祖宗从前都在云下，都从海中经过， 2 都在云里、海里受洗归了摩西； 3 并且都吃了一样的灵食， 4 也都喝了一样的灵水。所喝的，是出于随着他们的灵磐石；那磐石就是基督。 5 但他们中间多半是　神不喜欢的人，所以在旷野倒毙。 6 这些事都是我们的鉴戒，叫我们不要贪恋恶事，像他们那样贪恋的； 7 也不要拜偶像，像他们有人拜的。如[经上]所记：「百姓坐下吃喝，起来玩耍。」 8 我们也不要行奸淫，像他们有人行的，一天就倒毙了二万三千人； 9 也不要试探主，像他们有人试探的，就被蛇所灭。 10 你们也不要发怨言，像他们有发怨言的，就被灭命的所灭。 11 他们遭遇这些事都要作为鉴戒，并且写[在经上]，正是警戒我们这末世的人。 12 所以，自己以为站得稳的，须要谨慎，免得跌倒。 13 你们所遇见的试探，无非是人所能受的。　神是信实的，必不叫你们受试探过于所能受的；在受试探的时候，总要给你们开一条出路，叫你们能忍受得住。 14 我所亲爱的[弟兄]啊，你们要逃避拜偶像的事。 15 我好像对明白人说的，你们要审察我的话。 16 我们所祝福的杯，岂不是同领基督的血吗？我们所擘开的饼，岂不是同领基督的身体吗？ 17 我们虽多，仍是一个饼，一个身体，因为我们都是分受这一个饼。 18 你们看属肉体的以色列人，那吃祭物的岂不是在祭坛上有分吗？ 19 我是怎么说呢？岂是说祭偶像之物算得什么呢？或说偶像算得什么呢？ 20 我乃是说，外邦人所献的祭是祭鬼，不是祭　神。我不愿意你们与鬼相交。 21 你们不能喝主的杯又喝鬼的杯，不能吃主的筵席又吃鬼的筵席。 22 我们可惹主的愤恨吗？我们比他还有能力吗？ 23 凡事都可行，但不都有益处。凡事都可行，但不都造就人。 24 无论何人，不要求自己的益处，乃要求别人的益处。 25 凡市上所卖的，你们只管吃，不要为良心的缘故问什么话， 26 因为地和其中所充满的都属乎主。 27 倘有一个不信的人请你们[赴席]，你们若愿意去，凡摆在你们面前的，只管吃，不要为良心的缘故问什么话。 28 若有人对你们说：「这是献过祭的物」，就要为那告诉你们的人，并为良心的缘故不吃。 29 我说的良心不是你的，乃是他的。我这自由为什么被别人的良心论断呢？ 30 我若谢恩而吃，为什么因我谢恩的物被人毁谤呢？ 31 所以，你们或吃或喝，无论做什么，都要为荣耀　神而行。 32 不拘是犹太人，是希腊人，是　神的教会，你们都不要使他跌倒； 33 就好像我凡事都叫众人喜欢，不求自己的益处，只求众人的益处，叫他们得救。

읽기를 실제 공부로 바꾸세요

회원가입하고 구절 즐겨찾기, 노트 작성, AI 학습 도구를 사용해 보세요.

회원가입 로그인

이 장 다음의 단계를 선택하세요 계속 읽거나, 계획을 선택하거나, AI와 함께 계속 공부하세요.

다음 장 읽기 1 Corinthians 11 in 和合本（简体）.

읽기 플랜

이 장을 반복 가능한 습관으로 만들고 싶다면 계획을 선택하세요.

이 장에 대해 AI에게 묻기

텍스트가 질문을 제기하거나 한 번의 읽기보다 더 깊이 파고들 때 AI 연구를 계속하세요.

이 장이 여는 주제들을 따라가세요 이 장이 열었을 수 있는 더 큰 질문들에 대한 관련 주제 허브.

모든 주제 둘러보기