Song of Solomon 5

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Song of Solomon 5 turns from the wedding night to a lovers' quarrel and its repair. The chapter opens with the bridegroom in his garden, feasting on myrrh, honey, wine, and milk, and a chorus urging the couple to drink deeply. Then the bride tells a dream: her beloved knocks at night, she hesitates to rise, and when she finally opens the door he is gone. She searches the city, is beaten by the watchmen, and begs the daughters of Jerusalem to tell him she is sick with love. Asked what makes him so special, she answers with the Song's only full description of the man: head of gold, raven hair, eyes like doves, lips like lilies, legs like marble pillars, altogether lovely, "my beloved, and my friend."

장 주석 열기

Song of Solomon 5 begins in a garden and ends in the streets, and in between is one of the truest scenes about love in the Bible. The wedding night of chapter 4 closes with the man feasting in his garden and a chorus telling the couple to drink their fill. Then the mood changes. The bride is in bed, half asleep, and hears her beloved knocking, wet with the night dew, asking her to open. She hesitates. She has taken off her robe and washed her feet; must she really get up? By the time desire wins over comfort and she goes to the door with myrrh running from her fingers onto the bolt, he has gone. What follows is a search through a dark city, a beating from the watchmen, and a plea to the women of Jerusalem: if you find him, tell him I am sick with love. They ask her what is so special about this man, and her answer is the only place in the Song where the man's body is described, feature by feature, from his golden head and black wavy hair to his marble legs and his sweet mouth. He is altogether lovely, she says, and then adds the word that lifts the poem above desire: this is my beloved, and this is my friend. Christians have read the knock at the door as Christ and the delay as the soul's; read simply as poetry, the chapter knows that love can be lost by a moment's laziness and found again by praise.

핵심 본문

Song of Solomon 5:1 Song of Solomon 5:2-8 Song of Solomon 5:10-16 Song of Solomon 3:1-4 Song of Solomon 4:1-7 Revelation 3:20

Historical and literary context

The Song is a collection of Hebrew love poetry attributed to Solomon, whose name appears in it, though most scholars date its final form later, perhaps to the Persian period; its language and imagery belong to the world of royal gardens, city walls, and night watchmen. The garden, myrrh, and spices are the vocabulary of ancient Near Eastern love poetry, especially Egyptian songs of the same type. The description of the man's body, called a wasf after the Arabic term, matches the descriptions of the woman in chapters 4 and 7 and follows a tradition of praising a lover feature by feature. Jewish and Christian readers long read the book as an allegory of God and Israel or Christ and the church.

How the chapter unfolds

Verse 1 completes the wedding scene of chapter 4: the man enters his garden and a chorus blesses the lovers. Verses 2 to 6a are the bride's night vision, the knock, her hesitation, her rising with hands dripping myrrh, and his disappearance. Verses 6b to 8 are the search, the watchmen's beating, and the charge to the daughters of Jerusalem. Verse 9 is the daughters' question. Verses 10 to 16 are the bride's praise of her beloved from head to legs, ending with his mouth, his loveliness, and the double naming of him as beloved and friend.

Why this chapter matters

Verse 2, "I sleep, but my heart is awake," and the knock at the door became, in Christian reading, the image of Christ seeking the soul and the soul's costly delay, echoed in Revelation 3:20; the bride's search through the streets shaped mystical writing from Bernard of Clairvaux to John of the Cross. "Altogether lovely" in verse 16 has been applied to Christ in hymns for centuries. Read as human poetry, the chapter is the Bible's frankest account of desire, hesitation, loss, and the way praise restores what a quarrel damaged, and its closing "this is my friend" makes friendship part of married love.

Interpretive tension to watch

Whether verses 2 to 8 are a dream, a memory, or a poem in the form of a dream is not settled, and the watchmen's violence in verse 7 is jarring in either reading. The chapter's delay, the woman's reluctance to dirty her feet while the man waits in the dew, has been moralized as spiritual laziness and defended as ordinary human hesitation. The allegorical readings that dominated for two thousand years and the literal reading of the poem as celebrating married love both claim the chapter, and translators must decide how explicit to make its physical imagery.

이 장을 위한 질문

The bride delays opening the door and loses the moment. What small hesitations cost the most in the relationships you care about?
Asked why her beloved is better than others, she answers with detailed praise. How does describing someone's goodness aloud change how you see them?
The chapter ends with "my beloved, and my friend." What does it add to a marriage when the lover is also the friend?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

노트에 추가

1 나의 누이, 나의 신부야 ! 내가 내 동산에 들어와서 나의 몰약과 향재료를 거두고 나의 꿀송이와 꿀을 먹고 내 포도주와 내 젖을 마셨으니 나의 친구들아 먹으라 나의 사랑하는 사람들아 ! 마시고 많이 마시라 2 내가 잘지라도 마음은 깨었는데 나의 사랑하는 자의 소리가 들리는구나 문을 두드려 이르기를 나의 누이, 나의 사랑, 나의 비둘기, 나의 완전한 자야 문 열어 다고 내 머리에는 이슬이, 내 머리털에는 밤 이슬이 가득하였다 하는구나 3 내가 옷을 벗었으니 어찌 다시 입겠으며 내가 발을 씻었으니 어찌 다시 더럽히랴마는 4 나의 사랑하는 자가 문틈으로 손을 들이밀매 내 마음이 동하여서 5 일어나서 나의 사랑하는 자 위하여 문을 열 때 몰약이 내 손에서 몰약의 즙이 내 손가락에서 문 빗장에 듣는구나 6 내가 나의 사랑하는 자 위하여 문을 열었으나 그가 벌써 물러갔네 그가 말할 때에 내 혼이 나갔구나 내가 그를 찾아도 못 만났고 불러도 응답이 없었구나 7 성중에서 행순하는 자들이 나를 만나매 나를 쳐서 상하게 하였고 성벽을 파수하는 자들이 나의 웃옷을 벗겨 취하였구나 8 예루살렘 여자들아 너희에게 내가 부탁한다 너희가 나의 사랑하는 자를 만나거든 내가 사랑하므로 병이 났다고 하려무나 9 여자 중 극히 어여쁜 자야, 너의 사랑하는 자가 남의 사랑하는 자보다 나은 것이 무엇인가 너의 사랑하는 자가 남의 사랑하는 자 보다 나은 것이 무엇이기에 이같이 우리에게 부탁하는가 10 나의 사랑하는 자는 희고도 붉어 만 사람에 뛰어난다 11 머리는 정금 같고 머리털은 고불고불하고 까마귀 같이 검구나 12 눈은 시냇가의 비둘기 같은데 젖으로 씻은 듯하고 아름답게도 박혔구나 13 뺨은 향기로운 꽃밭 같고 향기로운 풀언덕과도 같고 입술은 백합화 같고 몰약의 즙이 뚝뚝 떨어진다 14 손은 황옥을 물린 황금 노리개 같고 몸은 아로새긴 상아에 청옥을 입힌듯 하구나 15 다리는 정금 받침에 세운 화반석 기둥같고 형상은 레바논 같고 백향목처럼 보기 좋고 16 입은 심히 다니 그 전체가 사랑스럽구나 예루살렘 여자들아 ! 이는 나의 사랑하는 자요 나의 친구일다

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