Genesis 6

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Genesis 6 is the chapter before the flood. As people multiply, the "sons of God" take the daughters of men as wives, the Nephilim appear, and God limits human life to 120 years. Then comes the verdict: every inclination of the human heart is only evil all the time, and the LORD regrets making humanity and is grieved to his heart. He resolves to wipe out people and animals alike. But Noah finds favor. A righteous man who walks with God in a violent world, he is told to build an ark of gopher wood with three decks and a door, to bring in two of every creature and food for all, because a flood is coming and God will establish his covenant with him. Noah does everything exactly as commanded.

장 주석 열기

Genesis 6 is where the story of the world takes its darkest turn, and it is told with astonishing restraint. It opens with a strange episode, the sons of God taking human wives and the Nephilim, the giants of old, and God setting a limit of 120 years on a race that has gotten out of hand. Then the narrator gives God's view of things, and it is a sentence people have argued about ever since: the wickedness of humanity was great, and every inclination of the thoughts of the heart was only evil, all the time. What follows is not rage. The LORD regretted that he had made man, and it grieved him to his heart. The decision to wipe it all out is spoken by a God who is sorry. And then the hinge on which the whole Bible turns: but Noah found favor in the eyes of the LORD. Noah is righteous and blameless in his generation, and he walks with God, in a world the narrator describes three times as corrupt and full of violence. God tells him what is coming and what to build: a great chest of gopher wood, sealed with pitch, three hundred cubits long, three decks, one door, room for two of every creature and food for all of them. He also says a word that has not appeared in the Bible until now: covenant. I will establish my covenant with you. The chapter ends with one line about Noah that is the whole of his greatness. He did everything exactly as God commanded.

Historical and literary context

The flood story has parallels in Mesopotamian literature, above all the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Atrahasis epic, where the gods send a flood and one man is warned to build a boat; Genesis shares the shape and differs in the reason, human corruption rather than divine annoyance, and in the one God who grieves. A cubit is about 45 centimeters, so the ark was some 135 meters long, larger than any ship built before the nineteenth century. Gopher wood is unidentified. The "sons of God" have been read since antiquity as angels, as the line of Seth, or as rulers, and the Nephilim recur as giants in Numbers 13. Jesus and Peter both refer to the days of Noah.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 4 tell of the sons of God and the daughters of men, the 120 years, and the Nephilim. Verses 5 to 8 give God's assessment of the human heart, his grief, his decision to blot out life, and Noah's favor. Verses 9 to 12 introduce Noah's account: his righteousness, his sons, and the corrupt, violent earth. Verses 13 to 21 are God's instructions: the end of all flesh, the ark and its measurements, the flood, the covenant, the animals, and the food. Verse 22 records Noah's complete obedience.

Why this chapter matters

Verse 5 is the Bible's starkest statement of human sinfulness and a foundation text for the doctrine of the fall, and verse 6, "the LORD regretted that He had made man," is its boldest statement that God feels. Noah walking with God, finding favor, and obeying to the letter became the model of faith in Hebrews 11 and of righteousness in a wicked age; the ark became, in Christian reading, a picture of baptism and of the church. "The days of Noah" are Jesus' image of a world caught unprepared. The first mention of "covenant" in the Bible is in verse 18.

Interpretive tension to watch

The identity of the sons of God and the Nephilim is the oldest puzzle in the chapter, and the church has never settled it. God's "regret" raises the question of whether an all-knowing God can change his mind, and readers answer with the language of accommodation, of genuine relationship, or of both. The destruction of every animal along with humanity troubles modern readers, and the flood's extent, global or regional, is debated among believers. Noah's "favor" in verse 8 comes before his righteousness in verse 9, which readers take as grace preceding goodness.

이 장을 위한 질문

  • God is "grieved in His heart" over human evil. What does it mean that the judge of the world is also its mourner?
  • Noah found favor before the text calls him righteous. Which comes first in your own story, being accepted or being good?
  • "Noah did everything precisely as God had commanded him," for a flood no one could see. What does obedience look like when the reason is still invisible?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

1 사람이 땅 위에 번성하기 시작할 때에 그들에게서 딸들이 나니 2 하나님의 아들들이 사람의 딸들의 아름다움을 보고 자기들의 좋아하는 모든 자로 아내를 삼는지라 3 여호와께서 가라사대 나의 신(神)이 영원히 사람과 함께하지 아니하리니 이는 그들이 육체가 됨이라 그러나 그들의 날은 일백 이십년이 되리라 하시니라 4 당시에 땅에 네피림이 있었고 그 후에도 하나님의 아들들이 사람의 딸들을 취하여 자식을 낳았으니 그들이 용사라 고대에 유명한 사람이었더라 5 여호와께서 사람의 죄악이 세상에 관영함과 그 마음의 생각의 모든 계획이 항상 악할 뿐임을 보시고 6 땅위에 사람 지으셨음을 한탄하사 마음에 근심하시고 7 가라사대 나의 창조한 사람을 내가 지면에서 쓸어 버리되 사람으로부터 육축과 기는 것과 공중의 새까지 그리하리니 이는 내가 그것을 지었음을 한탄함이니라 하시니라 8 그러나 노아는 여호와께 은혜를 입었더라 9 노아의 사적은 이러하니라 노아는 의인이요 당세에 완전한 자라 그가 하나님과 동행하였으며 10 그가 세 아들을 낳았으니 셈과, 함과, 야벳이라 11 때에 온 땅이 하나님 앞에 패괴하여 강포가 땅에 충만한지라 12 하나님이 보신즉 땅이 패괴하였으니 이는 땅에서 모든 혈육 있는 자의 행위가 패괴함이었더라 13 하나님이 노아에게 이르시되 모든 혈육있는 자의 강포가 땅에 가득하므로 그 끝날이 내 앞에 이르렀으니 내가 그들을 땅과 함께 멸하리라 14 너는 잣나무로 너를 위하여 방주를 짓되 그 안에 간들을 막고 역청으로 그 안팎에 칠하라 15 그 방주의 제도는 이러하니 장이 삼백 규빗, 광이 오십 규빗, 고가 삼십 규빗이며 16 거기 창을 내되 위에서부터 한 규빗에 내고 그 문은 옆으로 내고 상 중 하 삼층으로 할지니라 17 내가 홍수를 땅에 일으켜 무릇 생명의 기식 있는 육체를 천하에서 멸절하리니 땅에 있는 자가 다 죽으리라 18 그러나 너와는 내가 내 언약을 세우리니 너는 네 아들들과 네 아내와 네 자부들과 함께 그 방주로 들어가고 19 혈육 있는 모든 생물을 너는 각기 암,수 한쌍씩 방주로 이끌어 들여 너와 함께 생명을 보존케 하되 20 새가 그 종류대로, 육축이 그 종류대로, 땅에 기는 모든 것이 그 종류대로, 각기 둘씩 네게로 나아오리니 그 생명을 보존케하라 21 너는 먹을 모든 식물을 네게로 가져다가 저축하라 이것이 너와 그들의 식물이 되리라 22 노아가 그와 같이 하되 하나님이 자기에게 명하신 대로 다 준행하였더라 !

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