Matthew 5

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Matthew 5 begins the Sermon on the Mount by redefining blessedness, righteousness, and kingdom life under the authority of Jesus.

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Matthew 5 does not begin the Sermon on the Mount by making disciples feel strong. It begins by overturning every natural instinct about what kind of life is truly blessed. In Matthew 5:3-12, blessing belongs to the poor in spirit, the meek, the pure, the merciful, the persecuted. That alone tells the reader that Jesus is not polishing the values of ordinary religion. He is announcing a kingdom that exposes them. Then he turns from blessedness to witness, and soon to righteousness. In Matthew 5:17-20, Jesus does not lower the law. He drives the issue deeper. The righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees is not enough because external correctness cannot reach the heart’s corruption. That is why the chapter moves into anger, lust, speech, retaliation, and enemy-love. Murder begins earlier than bloodshed. Adultery begins earlier than the act. Oaths reveal instability of truthfulness. Revenge shows how much the self still wants to sit on the throne. By the time Jesus reaches Matthew 5:43-48, the command to love enemies reveals that kingdom righteousness is impossible without a transformed heart. Matthew 5 matters because it refuses superficial discipleship. It asks whether you merely admire the teaching of Jesus, or whether you are prepared to let him expose the heart beneath your visible morality.

主要な箇所

Matthew 5:3-12 Matthew 5:17-20 Matthew 5:43-48

How the chapter unfolds

The chapter moves from beatitudes into witness, then into Jesus’ relationship to the law, and finally into concrete examples of heart-level righteousness.

Why this chapter matters

It matters because it exposes shallow external religion and calls disciples into a righteousness that reaches desire, speech, reconciliation, and integrity.

Interpretive tension to watch

Read carefully so radical commands are not reduced to slogans. The chapter presses toward transformed character, not merely intensified rule-keeping.

この章のための質問

  • How do the beatitudes in Matthew 5:3-12 overturn ordinary definitions of blessedness?
  • Why does Jesus press righteousness beneath murder and adultery into anger and desire?
  • What does Matthew 5:43-48 reveal about the impossible standard Christ is truly demanding?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

ノートに追加
1 Da Yesu ya ga taron jama'ar, sai ya hau saman dutse. Sa'adda ya zauna, almajiransa suka zo wurinsa. 2 Ya bude bakinsa kuma ya koyar da su, yana cewa, 3 “Albarka ta tabbata ga masu talauci a ruhu, domin mulkin sama nasu ne. 4 Albarka ta tabbata ga masu makoki, domin za a ta'azantar da su. 5 Albarka ta tabbata ga masu tawali'u, domin za su gaji duniya. 6 Albarka ta tabbata ga masu yunwa da kishin adalci, domin za a kosar da su. 7 Albarka ta tabbata ga masu jinkai, domin za su samu jinkai. 8 Albarka ta tabbata ga masu tsabtar zuciya, domin za su ga Allah. 9 Albarka ta tabbata ga masu kawo salama, domin za a ce da su 'ya'yan Allah. 10 Albarka ta tabbata ga wadanda ake tsananta masu saboda adalci, domin mulkin sama nasu ne. 11 Masu albarka ne ku sa'adda mutane suka zage ku, suka kuma tsananta maku, ko kuwa suka zarge ku da dukan miyagun abubuwa iri iri na karya, saboda ni. 12 Ku yi murna da matukar farin ciki, domin sakamakonku mai yawan gaske ne a sama. Ta haka ne mutane suka tsananta wa annabawa da suka yi rayuwa kafin ku. 13 Ku ne gishirin duniya, amma idan gishiri ya sane yaya za a mai da dandanonsa? Ba zai kara anfani ga komai ba, sai ko a zubar da shi, a tattake a karkashin kafafun mutane. 14 Ku ne hasken duniya, birnin da ke kan tudu ba shi boyuwa. 15 Mutane ba za su kunna fitila su sa ta karkashin kwando ba, sai ko a dora ta a mazaunin ta, domin ta ba da haske ga kowa da ke gidan. 16 Bari hasken ku ya haskaka gaban mutane yadda za su ga kyawawan ayyukanku su kuma yabi Ubanku da ke cikin sama. 17 Kada ku yi tsammanin na zo ne domin in rushe shari'a ko annabawa. Ban zo domin in rushe su ba, amma domin in cika su. 18 Domin gaskiya ina gaya maku, har sama da kasa su shude, amma digo ko wasali daya ba za ya shude ba a cikin shari'ar, sai an cika dukan al'amura. 19 Saboda haka duk wanda ya karya mafi kankanta daga cikin dokokin nan ko kuwa ya koya wa wasu su yi haka, za a kira shi mafi kankanta a cikin mulkin sama. Amma dukan wanda ya kiyaye su ko kuwa ya koyar da su, za a kira shi mafi girma a cikin mulkin sama. 20 Gama ina gaya maku cewa idan adalcin ku bai zarce adalcin marubuta da Farisawa ba, babu yadda za ku shiga mulkin sama. 21 Kun ji dai an ce wa mutanen da, 'Kada ka yi kisan kai,' kuma 'Duk wanda ya yi kisan kai yana cikin hatsarin hukunci.' 22 Amma ina gaya muku, duk wanda ya yi fushi da dan'uwansa, yana cikin hatsarin hukunci. Kuma duk wanda ya ce da dan'uwansa, 'Kai mutumin banza!' yana cikin hatsarin tsayawa gaban majalisa, kowa kuma ya ce da dan'uwan sa 'Kai wawa!' yana cikin hatsarin shiga wutar jahannama. 23 Saboda haka idan za ka yi baiko a bagadi sai ka tuna cewa dan'uwanka yana da damuwa da kai, 24 ka bar baikon ka a gaban bagadin, ka yi tafiyarka. Da farko dai, ka sasanta da dan'uwanka kafin ka zo ka mika baikon. 25 Ka yi sulhu da mai karar ka tun kana hanyar zuwa gaban shari'a, domin kada mai karar ka ya mika ka ga alkali, alkali kuwa ya mika ka ga dogarai, za a kuwa jefa ka a kurkuku. 26 Gaskiya ina gaya maka, ba za ka taba fita daga can ba sai ko ka biya dukan kudin da ya ke binka. 27 Kun dai ji an ce, 'Kada ka yi zina'. 28 Amma ina gaya maku, duk wanda ya dubi mace, da muguwar sha'awa, ya riga ya yi zina da ita a zuciyarsa. 29 Idan idonka na dama zai sa ka tuntube, kwakule shi ka jefar daga gareka. Don gara daya daga cikin gabobinka ya halaka, da a jefa dukan jikin ka a jahannama. 30 Ko kuwa idan hannunka na dama zai sa ka tuntube, ka yanke shi ka jefar daga gare ka. Domin gara daya daga cikin gabobin ka ya halaka, da a jefa dukan jikinka a jahannama. 31 An sake fada, 'Duk wanda ya kori matarsa, sai ya ba ta takaddar saki.' 32 Amma ina gaya maku ko wa ya saki matarsa, idan ba a kan laifin lalata ba, ya mai da ita mazinaciya kenan. Kuma duk wanda ya aure ta bayan sakin, ya yi zina kenan. 33 Kun sake ji an ce wa wadan da suke a zamanin da, 'Kada ku yi rantsuwar karya, amma ku yi rantsuwar ku ga Ubangiji.' 34 Amma ina gaya maku, kada ku yi rantsuwa sam, ko da sama domin kursuyin Allah ne; 35 ko kuwa da duniya, domin mazaunin kafafunsa ne, ko da Urushalima, domin birnin babban sarki ne. 36 Ko ma ace ku yi rantsuwa da kanku, domin ba za ku iya mai da gashin kanku baki ko fari ba. 37 Amma bari maganarku ta zama 'I, I', ko kuwa 'A'a, a'a.' Duk abin da ya wuce wannan, daga mugun yake. 38 Kun dai ji an ce, “Ido a maimakon ido, hakori kuma a maimakon hakori.' 39 Amma ina gaya maku, kada ku yi jayayya da wanda ke mugu, a maimakon haka, ko wa ya mare ku a kuncin dama, ku juya masa dayan ma. 40 Idan wani yana da niyyar kai kararku gaban shari'a saboda ya karbi rigarku, ku ba wannan mutumin mayafinku ma. 41 Duk wanda ya tilasta ku ga tafiyar mil daya, ku je da shi biyu. 42 Ku ba kowa da ya tambaye ku, kuma kada ku hana kowa da ke neman rance a wurinku. 43 Kun ji abin da aka fada, 'Za ka kaunaci makwabcin ka ka ki magabcin ka.' 44 Amma ina gaya maku, ku kaunaci magabtan ku, ku yi addu'a domin masu tsananta maku, ku albarkaci wadanda suka la'ance ku, ku yi alheri ga wadanda suke kin ku, 45 domin ku zama 'ya'yan Ubanku da ke cikin sama. Domin yakan sa rana ta haskaka wa mugu da mutumin kirki, kuma yakan aiko da ruwan sama ga adali da azzalumi. 46 Domin idan kuna kaunar wadanda suke kaunarku, wanne lada kuka samu? Ba haka masu karban haraji ma suke yi ba? 47 Kuma in kun gaida 'yan'uwanku kadai, me kuke yi fiye da sauran? Ba hakanan al'ummai ma suke yi ba? 48 Saboda haka, lalle ne ku zama cikakku, kamar yadda Ubanku na sama yake cikakke.

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この章のスタディバイブルノート この章に基づいた節ごとのノートと直接的な解説。
スタディバイブル

節ごとのノート

節 5:3-12 節 5:21-30 節 5:43-48
節 5:3-12 Standard

Blessing begins where self-sufficiency dies

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The beatitudes do not congratulate natural strength. Jesus calls blessed those whose poverty, meekness, hunger, mercy, and purity reveal lives no longer built on self-exaltation. The kingdom begins by overturning ordinary definitions of the good life.

⚔️ Confrontation

If your idea of blessing still depends on visible strength, comfort, or applause, Jesus is already undoing it here.

主要な箇所
Isaiah 61:1-3 Luke 6:20-23
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節 5:21-30 Deep

Sin is exposed before it reaches the hand

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Jesus does not deepen the law by adding impossibly strict extras. He reveals what the law was always pressing toward: the heart. Anger and lust are not harmless pre-moral states waiting to become sin later. They already belong to the corruption the law names.

主要な箇所
Exodus 20:13-14 James 1:14-15
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節 5:43-48 Deep

Enemy-love reveals whether righteousness is truly kingdom-shaped

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Here Jesus destroys the possibility of admiring his ethic from a safe distance. Love that extends only to the lovable still mirrors the world. The Father’s perfection is set before the disciple as the pattern, exposing the need for a transformed heart rather than refined manners.

💥 Truth

The command to love enemies is not an optional summit for advanced believers. It exposes how impossible kingdom righteousness is without new life.

主要な箇所
Leviticus 19:18 Romans 5:8
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背景と言語的洞察 原語の詳細、文化的背景、そしてそれらがこの章の読み方をどのように変えるか。
深さ

原語的洞察

Matthew 5:3 · Greek テキストに移動

makarioi (makarioi)

逐語的: blessed / flourishing

The word carries more weight than temporary happiness. Jesus is pronouncing the true condition of those whom God approves in his kingdom.

It helps the beatitudes land as kingdom verdicts, not as inspirational mood statements.

主要な箇所
Matthew 5:3
背景

文化的文脈

Matthew 5 · Covenant teaching world テキストに移動

Jesus teaches in a Jewish covenant setting where the law, righteousness, honor, and public piety were already highly charged realities.

Modern readers often hear the chapter as detached ethics and miss that Jesus is confronting existing religious righteousness claims head-on.

It helps the Sermon on the Mount sound less like abstract ideals and more like a kingdom confrontation with false righteousness.

主要な箇所
Matthew 5
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