Matthew 19

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Matthew 19 gathers three encounters on Jesus's way to Jerusalem that each turn on what a person is willing to give up. Pharisees test him on divorce, and he answers from creation: what God has joined, let no one separate. Disciples turn children away, and he calls them back, because the kingdom belongs to such as these. A wealthy young man asks what good thing he must do for eternal life, keeps every commandment he is asked about, and walks away sad when told to sell everything and follow. Jesus then tells his astonished disciples that salvation is impossible for man and possible with God, and promises a hundredfold to those who leave everything for his name.

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Matthew 19 puts three groups in front of Jesus on the road to Jerusalem, and each meeting asks what a person is holding onto. First the Pharisees, with a trap about divorce. Jesus does not enter their debate about Moses; he goes back to the beginning, to male and female and one flesh, and treats Moses's permission as a concession to hard hearts. The disciples find the standard so high that they suggest not marrying, and Jesus does not argue them out of it. Then children, whom the disciples try to send away and whom Jesus places at the center of the kingdom. Then the young man, rich and earnest, who wants to know what good thing he must do. He has kept the commandments; Jesus does not dispute it. He lacks one thing, and the one thing is everything he owns. He goes away sorrowful, the only person in the Gospels who is called and declines. Jesus turns to the disciples with the camel and the needle, and when they ask who can possibly be saved, he gives the answer the whole chapter has been building toward: with man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible. Peter asks what the disciples will get for having left everything, and Jesus promises thrones, a hundredfold, and eternal life, then adds the line that keeps anyone from counting on their place in line: many who are first will be last.

Bagian kunci

Matthew 19:3-9 Matthew 19:13-15 Matthew 19:16-22 Matthew 19:23-26 Genesis 2:24

Historical and literary context

The divorce question reflected a live debate between rabbinic schools over whether Deuteronomy 24 permitted divorce only for serious cause or "for any reason." Jesus sidesteps the debate by going behind Moses to Genesis. The scene is Judea beyond the Jordan, the territory of Herod Antipas, who had executed John the Baptist for criticizing his marriage, which gives the Pharisees' question a political edge. The rich young man's confidence that he had kept the commandments was not unusual for a devout Jew; Jesus's demand exposed the one commandment he could not keep.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 12 concern marriage: the test question, Jesus's appeal to Genesis, the exception for sexual immorality, the disciples' dismay, and the saying about eunuchs for the kingdom. Verses 13 to 15 are the blessing of the children. Verses 16 to 22 are the rich young man, from his question to his sorrowful departure. Verses 23 to 26 give the camel and the needle and "with God all things are possible." Verses 27 to 30 answer Peter's "what will there be for us" with twelve thrones, a hundredfold, eternal life, and the reversal of first and last.

Why this chapter matters

Matthew 19 is the New Testament's central text on marriage, grounding it in creation rather than in law, and its most searching text on wealth. The rich young man is the only person in the Gospels recorded as walking away from a direct call to follow Jesus, and he does so with sorrow rather than defiance, which makes him the most relatable refusal in Scripture. "With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible" answers the disciples' question "Who then can be saved?" and has become one of the Bible's best-known statements of grace. The chapter's welcome of children became the model for Christian teaching about faith as receiving rather than achieving.

Interpretive tension to watch

The rich young man is told to sell everything; Zacchaeus in Luke gives half; Joseph of Arimathea remains wealthy. Is the command universal, or aimed at the one thing this man served instead of God? And the "eye of the needle" has attracted a legend about a small Jerusalem gate that has no historical basis; the saying means impossibility, as the disciples' reaction and Jesus's answer confirm. How readers handle these questions shapes whether they soften the chapter or let it search them.

Pertanyaan untuk pasal ini

  • Jesus answers a question about the law of divorce with the design of creation. What changes when marriage is read from Genesis rather than from Deuteronomy?
  • The young man kept the commandments and still lacked one thing. What is the one thing, and why could he not give it?
  • The disciples ask "Who then can be saved?" and Jesus answers "with God all things are possible." How does that exchange reframe the whole chapter?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

Tambah ke Catatan
1 예수께서 이 말씀을 마치시고 갈릴리에서 떠나 요단강 건너 유대 지경에 이르시니 2 큰 무리가 좇거늘 예수께서 거기서 저희 병을 고치시더라 3 바리새인들이 예수께 나아와 그를 시험하여 가로되 `사람이 아무 연고를 물론하고 그 아내를 내어버리는 것이 옳으니이까' 4 예수께서 대답하여 가라사대 사람을 지으신 이가 본래 저희를 남자와 여자로 만드시고 5 말씀하시기를 이러므로 사람이 그 부모를 떠나서 아내에게 합하여 그 둘이 한 몸이 될지니라 하신 것을 읽지 못하였느냐 ? 6 이러한즉 이제 둘이 아니요 한 몸이니 그러므로 하나님이 짝지어 주신 것을 사람이 나누지 못할지니라 ! 하시니 7 여짜오되 `그러하면 어찌하여 모세는 이혼 증서를 주어서 내어버리라 명하였나이까' 8 예수께서 가라사대 모세가 너희 마음의 완악함을 인하여 아내 내어버림을 허락하였거니와 본래는 그렇지 아니하니라 9 내가 너희에게 말하노니 누구든지 음행한 연고 외에 아내를 내어버리고 다른데 장가드는 자는 간음함이니라 10 제자들이 가로되 `만일 사람이 아내에게 이같이 할진대 장가 들지 않는 것이 좋삽나이다' 11 예수께서 가라사대 사람마다 이 말을 받지 못하고 오직 타고난 자라야 할지니라 12 어미의 태로부터 된 고자도 있고 사람이 만든 고자도 있고 천국을 위하여 스스로 된 고자도 있도다 이 말을 받을만한 자는 받을지어다 13 때에 사람들이 예수의 안수하고 기도하심을 바라고 어린 아이들을 데리고 오매 제자들이 꾸짖거늘 14 예수께서 가라사대 어린 아이들을 용납하고 내게 오는 것을 금하지 말라 천국이 이런 자의 것이니라 하시고 15 저희 위에 안수하시고 거기서 떠나시니라 16 어떤 사람이 주께 와서 가로되 `선생님이여 내가 무슨 선한 일을 하여야 영생을 얻으리이까 ?' 17 예수께서 가라사대 어찌하여 선한 일을 내게 묻느냐 ? 선한 이는 오직 한 분이시니라 ! 네가 생명에 들어 가려면 계명들을 지키라 18 가로되 `어느 계명이오니이까 ?' 예수께서 가라사대 살인하지말라, 간음하지말라, 도적질하지 말라, 거짓 증거하지말라, 19 네 부모를 공경하라, 네 이웃을 네 몸과 같이 사랑하라 하신 것이니라 20 그 청년이 가로되 `이 모든 것을 내가 지키었사오니 아직도 무엇이 부족하니이까 ?' 21 예수께서 가라사대 네가 온전하고자 할진대 가서 네 소유를 팔아 가난한 자들을 주라 그리하면 하늘에서 보화가 네게 있으리라 그리고 와서 나를 좇으라 하시니 22 그 청년이 재물이 많으므로 이 말씀을 듣고 근심하며 가니라 23 예수께서 제자들에게 이르시되 내가 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 부자는 천국에 들어가기가 어려우니라 24 다시 너희에게 말하노니 약대가 바늘귀로 들어가는 것이 부자가 하나님의 나라에 들어가는 것보다 쉬우니라 하신대 25 제자들이 듣고 심히 놀라 가로되 `그런즉 누가 구원을 얻을수 있으리이까' 26 예수께서 저희를 보시며 가라사대 사람으로는 할 수 없으되 하나님으로서는 다 할 수 있느니라 27 이에 베드로가 대답하여 가로되 `보소서 우리가 모든 것을 버리고 주를 좇았사오니 그런즉 우리가 무엇을 얻으리이까 ?' 28 예수께서 가라사대 내가 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 세상이 새롭게 되어 인자가 자기 영광의 보좌에 앉을 때에 나를 좇는 너희도 열 두 보좌에 앉아 이스라엘 열 두 지파를 심판하리라 29 또 내 이름을 위하여 집이나 형제나 자매나 부모나 자식이나 전토를 버린 자마다 여러 배를 받고 또 영생을 상속하리라 30 그러나 먼저 된 자로서 나중 되고 나중 된 자로서 먼저 될 자가 많으니라

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