Genesis 6

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Genesis 6 is the chapter before the flood. As people multiply, the "sons of God" take the daughters of men as wives, the Nephilim appear, and God limits human life to 120 years. Then comes the verdict: every inclination of the human heart is only evil all the time, and the LORD regrets making humanity and is grieved to his heart. He resolves to wipe out people and animals alike. But Noah finds favor. A righteous man who walks with God in a violent world, he is told to build an ark of gopher wood with three decks and a door, to bring in two of every creature and food for all, because a flood is coming and God will establish his covenant with him. Noah does everything exactly as commanded.

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Genesis 6 is where the story of the world takes its darkest turn, and it is told with astonishing restraint. It opens with a strange episode, the sons of God taking human wives and the Nephilim, the giants of old, and God setting a limit of 120 years on a race that has gotten out of hand. Then the narrator gives God's view of things, and it is a sentence people have argued about ever since: the wickedness of humanity was great, and every inclination of the thoughts of the heart was only evil, all the time. What follows is not rage. The LORD regretted that he had made man, and it grieved him to his heart. The decision to wipe it all out is spoken by a God who is sorry. And then the hinge on which the whole Bible turns: but Noah found favor in the eyes of the LORD. Noah is righteous and blameless in his generation, and he walks with God, in a world the narrator describes three times as corrupt and full of violence. God tells him what is coming and what to build: a great chest of gopher wood, sealed with pitch, three hundred cubits long, three decks, one door, room for two of every creature and food for all of them. He also says a word that has not appeared in the Bible until now: covenant. I will establish my covenant with you. The chapter ends with one line about Noah that is the whole of his greatness. He did everything exactly as God commanded.

Pasajes clave

Genesis 6:1-4 Genesis 6:5-8 Genesis 6:9-13 Genesis 6:14-22 Hebrews 11:7 Matthew 24:37-39

Historical and literary context

The flood story has parallels in Mesopotamian literature, above all the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Atrahasis epic, where the gods send a flood and one man is warned to build a boat; Genesis shares the shape and differs in the reason, human corruption rather than divine annoyance, and in the one God who grieves. A cubit is about 45 centimeters, so the ark was some 135 meters long, larger than any ship built before the nineteenth century. Gopher wood is unidentified. The "sons of God" have been read since antiquity as angels, as the line of Seth, or as rulers, and the Nephilim recur as giants in Numbers 13. Jesus and Peter both refer to the days of Noah.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 4 tell of the sons of God and the daughters of men, the 120 years, and the Nephilim. Verses 5 to 8 give God's assessment of the human heart, his grief, his decision to blot out life, and Noah's favor. Verses 9 to 12 introduce Noah's account: his righteousness, his sons, and the corrupt, violent earth. Verses 13 to 21 are God's instructions: the end of all flesh, the ark and its measurements, the flood, the covenant, the animals, and the food. Verse 22 records Noah's complete obedience.

Why this chapter matters

Verse 5 is the Bible's starkest statement of human sinfulness and a foundation text for the doctrine of the fall, and verse 6, "the LORD regretted that He had made man," is its boldest statement that God feels. Noah walking with God, finding favor, and obeying to the letter became the model of faith in Hebrews 11 and of righteousness in a wicked age; the ark became, in Christian reading, a picture of baptism and of the church. "The days of Noah" are Jesus' image of a world caught unprepared. The first mention of "covenant" in the Bible is in verse 18.

Interpretive tension to watch

The identity of the sons of God and the Nephilim is the oldest puzzle in the chapter, and the church has never settled it. God's "regret" raises the question of whether an all-knowing God can change his mind, and readers answer with the language of accommodation, of genuine relationship, or of both. The destruction of every animal along with humanity troubles modern readers, and the flood's extent, global or regional, is debated among believers. Noah's "favor" in verse 8 comes before his righteousness in verse 9, which readers take as grace preceding goodness.

Preguntas para este capítulo

God is "grieved in His heart" over human evil. What does it mean that the judge of the world is also its mourner?
Noah found favor before the text calls him righteous. Which comes first in your own story, being accepted or being good?
"Noah did everything precisely as God had commanded him," for a flood no one could see. What does obedience look like when the reason is still invisible?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

Añadir a notas

1 Y ACAECIÓ que, cuando comenzaron los hombres á multiplicarse sobre la faz de la tierra, y les nacieron hijas, 2 Viendo los hijos de Dios que las hijas de los hombres eran hermosas, tomáronse mujeres, escogiendo entre todas. 3 Y dijo Jehová: No contenderá mi espíritu con el hombre para siempre, porque ciertamente él es carne: mas serán sus días ciento y veinte años. 4 Había gigantes en la tierra en aquellos días, y también después que entraron los hijos de Dios á las hijas de los hombres, y les engendraron hijos: éstos fueron los valientes que desde la antigüedad fueron varones de nombre. 5 Y vió Jehová que la malicia de los hombres [era] mucha en la tierra, y que todo designio de los pensamientos del corazón de ellos era de continuo solamente el mal. 6 Y arrepintióse Jehová de haber hecho hombre en la tierra, y pesóle en su corazón. 7 Y dijo Jehová: Raeré los hombres que he criado de sobre la faz de la tierra, desde el hombre hasta la bestia, y hasta el reptil y las aves del cielo: porque me arrepiento de haberlos hecho. 8 Empero Noé halló gracia en los ojos de Jehová. 9 Estas son las generaciones de Noé: Noé, varón justo, perfecto fué en sus generaciones; con Dios caminó Noé. 10 Y engendró Noé tres hijos: á Sem, á Châm, y á Japhet. 11 Y corrompióse la tierra delante de Dios, y estaba la tierra llena de violencia. 12 Y miró Dios la tierra, y he aquí que estaba corrompida; porque toda carne había corrompido su camino sobre la tierra. 13 Y dijo Dios á Noé: El fin de toda carne ha venido delante de mí; porque la tierra está llena de violencia á causa de ellos; y he aquí que yo los destruiré con la tierra. 14 Hazte un arca de madera de Gopher: harás aposentos en el arca, y la embetunarás con brea por dentro y por fuera. 15 Y de esta manera la harás: de trescientos codos la longitud del arca, de cincuenta codos su anchura, y de treinta codos su altura. 16 Una ventana harás al arca, y la acabarás á un codo [de elevación] por la parte de arriba: y pondrás la puerta del arca á su lado; y le harás [piso] bajo, segundo y tercero. 17 Y yo, he aquí que yo traigo un diluvio de aguas sobre la tierra, para destruir toda carne en que haya espíritu de vida debajo del cielo; todo lo que hay en la tierra morirá. 18 Mas estableceré mi pacto contigo, y entrarás en el arca tú, y tus hijos y tu mujer, y las mujeres de tus hijos contigo. 19 Y de todo lo que vive, de toda carne, dos de cada especie meterás en el arca, para que tengan vida contigo; macho y hembra serán. 20 De las aves según su especie, y de las bestias según su especie, de todo reptil de la tierra según su especie, dos de cada especie entrarán contigo para que hayan vida. 21 Y toma contigo de toda vianda que se come, y allégala á ti; servirá de alimento para ti y para ellos. 22 E hízolo así Noé; hizo conforme á todo lo que Dios le mandó.

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