Matthew 20

Kommentar zu diesem Kapitel

KI zu diesem Kapitel fragen

Matthew 20 holds together four scenes on the road to Jerusalem, all about who comes first. The parable of the workers in the vineyard has a landowner hiring men from dawn until an hour before dark and paying every one of them a full day's wage, so that the first hired grumble and are told, "Are you envious because I am generous?" Jesus then predicts his death for the third time, in detail. Immediately the mother of James and John asks for the two best seats in his kingdom, and Jesus explains that greatness is service, since the Son of Man came to serve and to give his life as a ransom for many. Leaving Jericho, he heals two blind men the crowd tried to silence.

Kapitelkommentar öffnen

Matthew 20 is set on the road up to Jerusalem, and everything in it is about the order in which people come. It opens with a story that still makes listeners uncomfortable. A landowner hires men at six in the morning for a denarius, hires more at nine, at noon, at three, and at five, and at sunset pays them all the same coin, starting with the ones who worked one hour. The dawn workers complain, and they are not wrong about the arithmetic. The owner's answer is that he has cheated no one and is free to be generous, and then the question that turns the parable into a mirror: are you envious because I am good? Then Jesus takes the Twelve aside and tells them, more plainly than ever, what is going to happen in Jerusalem: betrayal, a death sentence, Gentiles, mockery, whips, a cross, and on the third day, rising. The next verse is the mother of James and John kneeling to ask for the thrones on his right and left. He asks whether they can drink his cup, they say they can, and the other ten are furious, not because the request was wrong but because they wanted the seats. So Jesus sits them all down and explains that the kingdom does not work like Rome. Greatness means serving; being first means being a slave; and the Son of Man himself did not come to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many. The chapter ends outside Jericho with two blind beggars shouting for the Son of David over a crowd that wants them quiet. He stops, asks what they want, touches their eyes, and they follow him up the hill.

Wichtige Bibelstellen

Matthew 20:1-16 Matthew 20:17-19 Matthew 20:20-28 Matthew 20:29-34 Mark 10:35-45 Isaiah 53:10-12

Historischer und literarischer Kontext

Day laborers gathered in the marketplace at dawn hoping to be hired; a denarius was the standard daily wage, and Jewish law required that a laborer be paid the same evening. The "eleventh hour" is about five in the afternoon. The road from Jericho to Jerusalem climbs three thousand feet in fifteen miles, and Passover pilgrims traveled it in crowds, which explains the throng around the blind men. The mother of Zebedee's sons, probably Salome, was among the women at the cross; in Mark's version the brothers ask for themselves. "Ransom" was the price paid to free a slave or a prisoner of war. Rulers of the Gentiles "lording it over" people would have evoked Herod and Rome.

Wie sich das Kapitel entfaltet

Verses 1 to 16 are the parable of the vineyard workers, framed by "the last will be first" at the end of chapter 19 and again at verse 16. Verses 17 to 19 are the third passion prediction, the most detailed of the three. Verses 20 to 28 are the request of the sons of Zebedee, the question about the cup, the indignation of the ten, and the teaching on greatness as service, ending with the ransom saying. Verses 29 to 34 are the healing of the two blind men outside Jericho, who cry "Son of David," are told to be quiet, cry louder, and follow him.

Warum dieses Kapitel wichtig ist

The parable of the vineyard is the Gospel's sharpest statement that God's grace is not wages, and "are you envious because I am generous?" has confronted every reader who has felt that fairness should mean getting more than someone else. "The Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many" is one of the few places where Jesus explains the purpose of his death, and it is the foundation of the Christian idea of atonement as ransom. "Whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant" defined Christian leadership. The blind men who will not be silenced are a picture of persistent prayer.

Auslegungsfrage im Blick behalten

The landowner's equal pay strikes modern readers as unjust to the early workers, and the parable knows it, since the early workers say exactly that; the point is that God's generosity is not measured against what others receive, but the discomfort is intended. Whether the parable is about Jews and Gentiles, early and late converts, or simply grace, readers differ. The ransom saying raises the question of to whom the ransom is paid, which the text does not answer and theologians have debated for centuries. Matthew has two blind men where Mark has one, Bartimaeus, and places the healing on the way out of Jericho where Luke places it on the way in, small differences that show the evangelists shaping the story.

Fragen zu diesem Kapitel

  • The workers hired at dawn got exactly what they were promised and were still angry. What does the parable expose about the way we measure fairness?
  • Right after Jesus describes his crucifixion, two disciples ask for thrones. Why is that request placed exactly there?
  • The crowd told the blind men to be quiet, and they shouted louder. What does that say about the kind of asking Jesus honors?

Mit Kontext studieren

Nutze dies als Kapitel-Leitfaden und gehe dann tiefer in den Text selbst. Ziel ist es, die Beobachtung zu verlangsamen, die Struktur wahrzunehmen und bessere Fragen zu stellen, bevor man vorschnell zu Schlussfolgerungen kommt.

Zu Notizen hinzufügen
1 Gama mulkin sama yana kama da wani mai gona, wanda ya fita da asuba ya nemi 'yan kwadago da za su yi aiki a gonarsa. 2 Bayan sun shirya kudin da zai biya ma'aikata kimanin dinari daya a kowanne yini, sai ya aike su gonarsa suyi aiki. 3 Misalin sa'a ta uku sai ya sake fita, sai ya ga wasu ma'aikata suna tsaye a bakin kasuwa, babu aiki. 4 Sai ya ce masu, 'Kuzo kuyi aiki a gonar, duk abinda ya wajaba, zan ba ku,' Sai suka tafi su yi aikin. 5 Sai ya sake fita a sa'a ta shida ya kuma sake fita a sa'a ta tara, ya sake yin hakan din. 6 Ya kuma sake yin haka a sa'a ta sha daya, da ya fita sai ya ga wasu a tsaye da ba sa yin kome. Sai ya ce masu, 'Me yasa kuke tsaye ba ku yin kome dukan yini?' 7 Sai suka ce masa, 'Ai babu wanda ya dauke mu aiki, shi yasa.' Sai ya ce masu, 'ku ma, kuje cikin gonar. 8 Da yamma ta yi, sai mai gonar ya ce wa manajansa, 'Ka kira ma'aikatan nan ka biya su hakkin su, amma ka fara da wadanda suka zo a karshe, zuwa na farkon.' 9 Sa'adda wadanda suka fara aiki da yamma suka zo, an biya su daidai yadda ake biya a yini. 10 Da wadanda suka fara aiki tun safe suka zo, suna tsammani za a ba su fiye da wadanda sun zo daga baya, amma aka ba kowannensu dinari daya. 11 Da suka karbi hakkinsu, suka yi gunaguni game da mai gonar. 12 Suka ce, 'Wadannan da suka zo a karshe, sa'a guda ce kadai suka yi aiki, amma ka ba su daidai da mu, mu da muka yi fama da aiki cikin zafin rana.' 13 Amma mai gonar ya amsa wa daya daga cikin su, ya ce, 'Aboki na, ban yi maku laifi ba. Ai mun shirya zan biya ku yadda ake biya a yini, ko ba haka ba? 14 Ku karbi abin da ke na ku, ku tafi. Ganin dama ta ne, in ba wadannan da suka zo a karshe daidai da ku. 15 Ashe, ba daidai bane a gare ni, in yi abin da na ga dama da mallaka ta? Ko kishi ne kuke yi saboda kirki na?' 16 Haka yake, na karshe za su zama na farko, na farko kuma su zama na karshe.'' [An kira dayawa, amma kadan ne zababbu]. 17 Da Yesu zai tafi Urushalima, ya dauki sha-biyun nan a gefe, yayin da suke tafiya, sai ya ce masu, 18 “Ku duba fa, zamu tafi Urushalima, kuma za a bada Dan Mutum ga manyan firistoci da marubuta. Za su kuma yanke masa hukuncin kisa, 19 za su kuma bada shi ga al'ummai don suyi masa ba'a, su bulale shi, su kuma gicciye shi. Amma a rana ta uku, za a tada shi.'' 20 Sai uwar 'ya'yan Zabadi ta zo wurin Yesu tare da 'ya'yanta. Ta rusuna a gabansa tana neman alfarma a wurinsa. 21 Yesu ya ce mata, Me kike so in yi maki?'' Sai ta ce masa, ''Ina so ka ba 'ya'yana izinin zama a mulkinka, daya a hannun damanka, daya kuma a hannun hagunka. 22 Amma Yesu ya amsa, ya ce, ''Baku san abin da kuke roko ba. Ko zaku iya sha daga cikin kokon da zan sha bada dadewa ba?'' Sai suka ce masa, ''Zamu iya.'' 23 Sai ya ce masu, ''In dai kokon nan da zan sha ne, lallai zaku sha. Amma, zama a hannun dama na da kuma hannun hagu na, ba ni ne mai bayarwa ba, amma na wadanda Uba na ya shirya domin su ne.'' 24 Sa'anda sauran almajirai goma suka ji haka, sun yi bacin rai da 'yan'uwan nan biyu. 25 Amma Yesu ya kira su wurin sa, ya ce, ''Kuna sane da cewa, sarakunan al'ummai suna gwada masu mulki, manyan-gari kuma na nuna masu iko. 26 Ba zai kasance haka a tsakanin ku ba. A maimakon haka, duk wanda ke da marmari ya zama da girma a tsakanin ku, ya zama baran ku. 27 Wanda kuma ke da marmari ya zama na farko a cikin ku, ya zama baran ku. 28 Kamar dai yadda Dan mutum bai zo don a bauta masa ba, amma yayi bauta, ya kuma bada ransa fansa domin mutane dayawa.'' 29 Da suka fita daga Yariko, babban taro suka bi shi. 30 Suka kuma ga makafi biyu zaune a bakin hanya. Da makafin suka ji cewa Yesu ne ke wucewa, sai suka tada murya suna cewa, ''Ya Ubangiji, Dan Dauda, kayi mana jinkai.'' 31 Amma jama'ar suka tsauta masu, suka ce suyi shiru. Duk da haka, makafin suka kara tada murya fiye da na da, suka ce, ''Ya Ubangiji, Dan Dauda, kayi mana jinkai.'' 32 Sai Yesu ya tsaya cik, ya sa aka kira su, sai ya ce masu, ''Me kuke so in yi maku?'' 33 Sai suka ce masa, Ya Ubangiji, muna so mu sami ganin gari.'' 34 Sai Yesu yayi juyayi a cikin sa, ya taba idanunsu. Nan da nan, suka sami ganin gari, suka kuma bi shi.

Mach aus Lesen echtes Bibelstudium

Registriere dich, um Verse zu speichern, Notizen zu machen und mit KI-gestützten Werkzeugen zu studieren.

Registrieren Anmelden
Nächste Schritte nach diesem Kapitel Weiterlesen, Plan wählen oder mit KI weiterarbeiten.
Nächstes Kapitel lesen Matthew 21 in Littafi Mai Tsarki.

Lesepläne

Wähle einen Plan, wenn du aus diesem Kapitel eine Gewohnheit machen willst.

KI zu diesem Kapitel fragen

Mit KI weiterdenken, wenn der Text Fragen offenlässt oder tiefer drängt.
Folge den Themen, die dieses Kapitel öffnet Verwandte Themenhubs, wenn dieses Kapitel eine größere Frage geöffnet hat.
Alle Themen

Bible passages about faith

A curated study hub for readers searching for faith, trust, assurance, and living dependence on God.

Bible passages about prayer

A curated Bible hub for readers searching for prayer, dependence, boldness before God, and persevering intercession.

Bible passages about identity

A curated Bible hub for readers searching for identity, belonging, adoption, purpose, and new life in Christ.

Bible passages about salvation

A curated Bible hub for readers searching for salvation, grace, new birth, rescue from sin, and life in Christ.