Luke 6

Kommentar zu diesem Kapitel

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Luke 6 moves from two Sabbath confrontations to a night of prayer, the choosing of the twelve apostles, and the Sermon on the Plain, Luke's counterpart to Matthew's Sermon on the Mount. Jesus blesses the poor, the hungry, the weeping, and the hated, pronounces woes on the rich, the full, the laughing, and the admired, and commands love of enemies, mercy like the Father's, and generosity that expects nothing back. He closes with the speck and the beam, the tree known by its fruit, and the two builders whose houses meet the flood.

Kapitelkommentar öffnen

Luke 6 begins in a grainfield on the Sabbath and ends with a house standing in a flood. In between, Jesus claims authority over the Sabbath, heals a man's hand in front of people looking for a charge against him, prays through a night, and chooses twelve men, one of whom will betray him. Then he comes down to a level place, and Luke gives his version of the great sermon. It is shorter and blunter than Matthew's. Blessed are you who are poor, who hunger now, who weep now, who are hated because of the Son of Man. Woe to you who are rich, who are full, who laugh, and of whom everyone speaks well, because you have already received your comfort. The heart of the sermon is enemy love, spelled out in verbs: love, do good, bless, pray, turn the other cheek, give, lend without expecting return. The reason is God's own character; he is kind to the ungrateful and wicked, so be merciful as your Father is merciful. Then the warnings: do not judge, take the beam out of your own eye, know a tree by its fruit, and do not call Jesus "Lord" while ignoring what he says. The sermon ends with two builders. Both hear the words. Only one digs down to the rock. When the torrent comes, and it comes to both, that is the whole difference.

Wichtige Bibelstellen

Luke 6:1-11 Luke 6:20-26 Luke 6:27-36 Luke 6:43-49 Matthew 5:1-12

Historischer und literarischer Kontext

The Sabbath disputes reflect the seriousness with which first-century Judaism guarded the seventh day and the growing hostility of the scribes and Pharisees toward Jesus's claim to authority over it. Luke sets the sermon on a level place with a crowd from Judea, Jerusalem, Tyre, and Sidon, a broader audience than Matthew's, and gives the teaching a sharper social edge: "you who are poor," not "poor in spirit," with matching woes on the rich. The list of the Twelve includes Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, "who became a traitor."

Wie sich das Kapitel entfaltet

Verses 1 to 11 are the Sabbath disputes: grain plucked in the fields, David and the consecrated bread, "the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath," and the man with the withered hand healed under hostile eyes. Verses 12 to 16 are the night of prayer and the naming of the Twelve. Verses 17 to 19 set the scene of healing on the plain. Verses 20 to 26 give four blessings and four woes. Verses 27 to 36 command love of enemies, the golden rule, and mercy like the Father's. Verses 37 to 42 warn against judging and against the beam in one's own eye. Verses 43 to 49 test discipleship by fruit and by foundations.

Warum dieses Kapitel wichtig ist

Luke 6 contains the Bible's most direct statement of Jesus's ethics of enemy love: love, do good, bless, pray for those who hate, curse, and mistreat you, and lend expecting nothing, because God "is kind to the ungrateful and wicked." The golden rule appears here in its positive form. "Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful" is Luke's version of Matthew's "be perfect." The woes make the sermon a warning to the comfortable as well as a comfort to the poor, and the closing parable of the two builders insists that hearing without doing is a house without a foundation.

Auslegungsfrage im Blick behalten

Luke's blessings and woes are concrete, the poor and the rich, the hungry and the well fed. Are they about economic condition, spiritual posture, or both? Matthew's "poor in spirit" and Luke's "you who are poor" have been read against each other for centuries. Holding them together, so that neither the material nor the spiritual reading cancels the other, is the reading the two Gospels seem to invite.

Fragen zu diesem Kapitel

  • Jesus spent a night in prayer before choosing the Twelve, and one of them became a traitor. What does that pairing say about prayer and outcomes?
  • The woes address the rich, the full, the laughing, and the well spoken of. Which of those is closest to your own position, and how does the sermon read from there?
  • Verse 46 asks why people call Jesus "Lord" and do not do what he says. Where is the gap between hearing and building in your own life?

Mit Kontext studieren

Nutze dies als Kapitel-Leitfaden und gehe dann tiefer in den Text selbst. Ziel ist es, die Beobachtung zu verlangsamen, die Struktur wahrzunehmen und bessere Fragen zu stellen, bevor man vorschnell zu Schlussfolgerungen kommt.

Zu Notizen hinzufügen
1 And it came to pass on the second first sabbath, that as he went through the corn fields, his disciples plucked the ears, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands. 2 And some of the Pharisees said to them: Why do you that which is not lawful on the sabbath days? 3 And Jesus answering them, said: Have you not read so much as this, what David did, when himself was hungry, and they that were with him: 4 How he went into the house of God, and took and ate the bread of proposition, and gave to them that were with him, which is not lawful to eat but only for the priests? 5 And he said to them: The Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath. 6 And it came to pass also on another sabbath, that he entered into the synagogue, and taught. And there was a man, whose right hand was withered. 7 And the scribes and Pharisees watched if he would heal on the sabbath; that they might find an accusation against him. 8 But he knew their thoughts; and said to the man who had the withered hand: Arise, and stand forth in the midst. And rising he stood forth. 9 Then Jesus said to them: I ask you, if it be lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil; to save life, or to destroy? 10 And looking round about on them all, he said to the man: Stretch forth thy hand. And he stretched it forth: and his hand was restored. 11 And they were filled with madness; and they talked one with another, what they might do to Jesus. 12 And it came to pass in those days, that he went out into a mountain to pray, and he passed the whole night in the prayer of God. 13 And when day was come, he called unto him his disciples; and he chose twelve of them (whom also he named apostles). 14 Simon, whom he surnamed Peter, and Andrew his brother, James and John, Philip and Bartholomew, 15 Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon who is called Zelotes, 16 And Jude, the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot, who was the traitor. 17 And coming down with them, he stood in a plain place, and the company of his disciples, and a very great multitude of people from all Judea and Jerusalem, and the sea coast both of Tyre and Sidon, 18 Who were come to hear him, and to be healed of their diseases. And they that were troubled with unclean spirits, were cured. 19 And all the multitude sought to touch him, for virtue went out from him, and healed all. 20 And he, lifting up his eyes on his disciples, said: Blessed are ye poor, for yours is the kingdom of God. 21 Blessed are ye that hunger now: for you shall be filled. Blessed are ye that weep now: for you shall laugh. 22 Blessed shall you be when men shall hate you, and when they shall separate you, and shall reproach you, and cast out your name as evil, for the Son of man’s sake. 23 Be glad in that day and rejoice; for behold, your reward is great in heaven. For according to these things did their fathers to the prophets. 24 But woe to you that are rich: for you have your consolation. 25 Woe to you that are filled: for you shall hunger. Woe to you that now laugh: for you shall mourn and weep. 26 Woe to you when men shall bless you: for according to these things did their fathers to the false prophets. 27 But I say to you that hear: Love your enemies, do good to them that hate you. 28 Bless them that curse you, and pray for them that calumniate you. 29 And to him that striketh thee on the one cheek, offer also the other. And him that taketh away from thee thy cloak, forbid not to take thy coat also. 30 Give to every one that asketh thee, and of him that taketh away thy goods, ask them not again. 31 And as you would that men should do to you, do you also to them in like manner. 32 And if you love them that love you, what thanks are to you? for sinners also love those that love them. 33 And if you do good to them who do good to you, what thanks are to you? for sinners also do this. 34 And if you lend to them of whom you hope to receive, what thanks are to you? for sinners also lend to sinners, for to receive as much. 35 But love ye your enemies: do good, and lend, hoping for nothing thereby: and your reward shall be great, and you shall be the sons of the Highest; for he is kind to the unthankful, and to the evil. 36 Be ye therefore merciful, as your Father also is merciful. 37 Judge not, and you shall not be judged. Condemn not, and you shall not be condemned. Forgive, and you shall be forgiven. 38 Give, and it shall be given to you: good measure and pressed down and shaken together and running over shall they give into your bosom. For with the same measure that you shall mete withal, it shall be measured to you again. 39 And he spoke also to them a similitude: Can the blind lead the blind? do they not both fall into the ditch? 40 The disciple is not above his master: but every one shall be perfect, if he be as his master. 41 And why seest thou the mote in thy brother’s eye: but the beam that is in thy own eye thou considerest not? 42 Or how canst thou say to thy brother: Brother, let me pull the mote out of thy eye, when thou thyself seest not the beam in thy own eye? Hypocrite, cast first the beam out of thy own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to take out the mote from thy brother’s eye. 43 For there is no good tree that bringeth forth evil fruit; nor an evil tree that bringeth forth good fruit. 44 For every tree is known by its fruit. For men do not gather figs from thorns; nor from a bramble bush do they gather the grape. 45 A good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is good: and an evil man out of the evil treasure bringeth forth that which is evil. For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh. 46 And why call you me, Lord, Lord; and do not the things which I say? 47 Every one that cometh to me, and heareth my words, and doth them, I will shew you to whom he is like. 48 He is like to a man building a house, who digged deep, and laid the foundation upon a rock. And when a flood came, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and it could not shake it; for it was founded on a rock. 49 But he that heareth, and doth not, is like to a man building his house upon the earth without a foundation: against which the stream beat vehemently, and immediately it fell, and the ruin of that house was great.

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