Acts 5

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Acts 5 shows the young church at its most fearful and its most fearless. Ananias and Sapphira sell a field, secretly keep part of the price, and present the rest as the whole; Peter names the lie as a lie to God, and each falls dead. Signs and wonders multiply, the sick are laid in the streets for Peter's shadow, and the Sadducees jail the apostles. An angel frees them by night and sends them back to preach. Before the Sanhedrin Peter says, "We must obey God rather than men." Gamaliel counsels patience: if this is from God you cannot stop it. The apostles are flogged, released, and go on teaching daily, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to suffer for the Name.

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Acts 5 opens with a lie and ends with a song. A couple named Ananias and Sapphira have watched Barnabas sell a field and lay the whole price at the apostles' feet, and they want the same admiration at a lower cost, so they sell a field, keep back part of the money, and present the rest as everything. Nobody made them sell it, Peter says; the lie is the thing, and it was told not to men but to God. Ananias drops dead. Three hours later his wife, given every chance to tell the truth, repeats the lie and dies too, and Luke reports, without softening it, that great fear came over the whole church. Then the chapter swings the other way. Signs and wonders, crowds carrying their sick into the streets so that even Peter's shadow might touch them, more believers every day, and the temple authorities so jealous that they lock the apostles up. An angel lets them out in the night and tells them to go back to the temple and keep preaching, which they do, so that when the council sends for its prisoners, the jail is locked, guarded, and empty, and the prisoners are teaching in the courtyard. Hauled before the Sanhedrin and told they had been ordered to stop, Peter gives the answer the church has kept ever since: we must obey God rather than men. The council would have killed them, but the great teacher Gamaliel talks them down; if this is human it will collapse on its own, and if it is from God you will only find yourselves fighting him. So they flog the apostles and let them go, and the apostles walk out rejoicing that they were considered worthy to be shamed for the Name, and go straight back to teaching.

Ключові місця

Acts 5:1-11 Acts 5:17-26 Acts 5:27-32 Acts 5:33-39 Acts 5:40-42 Acts 4:32-37

Historical and literary context

Luke's account of the Jerusalem church in the early 30s follows directly on the sharing of goods in chapter 4, where Barnabas sold a field and laid the money at the apostles' feet, which makes the deceit of Ananias and Sapphira a counterfeit of that generosity. The Sadducees, who controlled the temple and denied resurrection, had most to lose from preaching that Jesus was raised. Solomon's Colonnade was the covered walk on the east side of the temple courts. Gamaliel was the leading Pharisee teacher of his generation and, according to Acts 22, Paul's own teacher; the risings of Theudas and Judas the Galilean were recent memories of failed messianic movements. Flogging was the thirty-nine lashes of synagogue discipline.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 11 tell the deaths of Ananias and Sapphira and the fear that followed. Verses 12 to 16 summarize the signs, the growing numbers, and the healings, including Peter's shadow. Verses 17 to 26 narrate the arrest, the angel's release, the apostles back in the temple at dawn, and the officers' confusion. Verses 27 to 32 are the interrogation and Peter's answer, with its compact gospel: the God of our fathers raised Jesus whom you killed, exalted him as Prince and Savior, and gives repentance and forgiveness. Verses 33 to 39 are Gamaliel's intervention. Verses 40 to 42 are the flogging, the rejoicing, and the daily teaching.

Why this chapter matters

"We must obey God rather than men" has been the charter of Christian conscience against unjust authority from the martyrs to the confessing church, and Gamaliel's counsel, "if it is from God, you will not be able to stop them," has been quoted by every side in every religious dispute since. The story of Ananias and Sapphira is the church's standing warning about hypocrisy in giving and about lying to the Spirit, and the apostles' joy at being "counted worthy of suffering disgrace for the Name" set the pattern for how the church would understand persecution. Peter's shadow is the first hint of the healing power that would later attach to relics.

Interpretive tension to watch

The deaths of Ananias and Sapphira trouble readers who compare them with Jesus' patience toward sinners; whether Luke presents them as divine judgment, as a shock that revealed the seriousness of the Spirit's presence, or as a story about the founding moment of a community, is debated, and the text does not say that Peter willed their deaths. Gamaliel's speech mentions Theudas before Judas the Galilean, while Josephus places Theudas a decade after this scene, a chronological problem with several proposed solutions. The chapter's enthusiasm for signs and wonders, including a healing shadow, sits uneasily with some traditions' caution about the miraculous.

Запитання до цього розділу

Ananias and Sapphira were free to keep their money; their sin was pretending. Why does the chapter treat a lie about generosity as a lie to God?
"We must obey God rather than men." How do you tell the difference between that and simply doing what you want?
Gamaliel says time will show whether a movement is from God. Is that wisdom, or a way of avoiding a decision?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

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1 But a certain man, Ananias by name, with Sapphira his wife, sold a possession, 2 and put aside for himself part of the price, [his] wife also being privy to it; and having brought a certain part, laid it at the feet of the apostles. 3 But Peter said, Ananias, why has Satan filled thy heart that thou shouldest lie to the Holy Spirit, and put aside for thyself a part of the price of the estate? 4 While it remained did it not remain to thee? and sold, was [it not] in thine own power? Why is it that thou hast purposed this thing in thine heart? Thou hast not lied to men, but to God. 5 And Ananias, hearing these words, fell down and expired. And great fear came upon all who heard [it]. 6 And the young men, rising up, swathed him up for burial, and having carried him out, buried him. 7 And it came to pass about three hours afterwards, that his wife, not knowing what had happened, came in. 8 And Peter answered her, Tell me if ye gave the estate for so much? And she said, Yes, for so much. 9 And Peter said to her, Why [is it] that ye have agreed together to tempt the Spirit of [the] Lord? Lo, the feet of those that have buried thy husband [are] at the door, and they shall carry thee out. 10 And she fell down immediately at his feet and expired. And when the young men came in they found her dead; and, having carried her out, they buried her by her husband. 11 And great fear came upon all the assembly, and upon all who heard these things. 12 And by the hands of the apostles were many signs and wonders done among the people; (and they were all with one accord in Solomon's porch, 13 but of the rest durst no man join them, but the people magnified them; 14 and believers were more than ever added to the Lord, multitudes both of men and women;) 15 so that they brought out the sick into the streets and put [them] on beds and couches, that at least the shadow of Peter, when he came, might overshadow some one of them. 16 And the multitude also of the cities round about came together to Jerusalem, bringing sick persons and persons beset by unclean spirits, who were all healed. 17 And the high priest rising up, and all they that were with him, which is the sect of the Sadducees, were filled with wrath, 18 and laid hands on the apostles and put them in the public prison. 19 But an angel of [the] Lord during the night opened the doors of the prison, and leading them out, said, 20 Go ye and stand and speak in the temple to the people all the words of this life. 21 And when they heard it, they entered very early into the temple and taught. And when the high priest was come, and they that were with him, they called together the council and all the elderhood of the sons of Israel, and sent to the prison to have them brought. 22 And when the officers were come, they did not find them in the prison; and returned and reported 23 saying, We found the prison shut with all security, and the keepers standing at the doors; but when we had opened [them], within we found no one. 24 And when they heard these words, both the priest and the captain of the temple and the chief priests were in perplexity as to them, what this would come to. 25 And some one coming reported to them, Lo, the men whom ye put in the prison are in the temple, standing and teaching the people. 26 Then the captain, having gone with the officers, brought them, not with violence, for they feared the people, lest they should be stoned. 27 And they bring them and set them in the council. And the high priest asked them, 28 saying, We strictly enjoined you not to teach in this name: and lo, ye have filled Jerusalem with your doctrine, and purpose to bring upon us the blood of this man. 29 But Peter answering, and the apostles, said, God must be obeyed rather than men. 30 The God of our fathers has raised up Jesus, whom ye have slain, having hanged on a cross. 31 Him has God exalted by his right hand as leader and saviour, to give repentance to Israel and remission of sins. 32 And we are [his] witnesses of these things, and the Holy Spirit also, which God has given to those that obey him. 33 But they, when they heard [these things], were cut to the heart, and took counsel to kill them. 34 But a certain [man], a Pharisee, named Gamaliel, a teacher of the law, held in honour of all the people, rose up in the council, and commanded to put the men out for a short while, 35 and said to them, Men of Israel, take heed to yourselves as regards these men what ye are going to do; 36 for before these days Theudas rose up, alleging himself to be somebody, to whom a number of men, about four hundred, were joined; who was slain, and all, as many as obeyed him, were dispersed and came to nothing. 37 After him rose Judas the Galilean in the days of the census, and drew away [a number of] people after him; and he perished, and all, as many as obeyed him, were scattered abroad. 38 And now I say to you, Withdraw from these men and let them alone, for if this counsel or this work have its origin from men, it will be destroyed; 39 but if it be from God, ye will not be able to put them down, lest ye be found also fighters against God. 40 And they listened to his advice; and having called the apostles, they beat them, and enjoined them not to speak in the name of Jesus, and dismissed them. 41 They therefore went their way from [the] presence of the council, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to be dishonoured for the name. 42 And every day, in the temple and in the houses, they ceased not teaching and announcing the glad tidings that Jesus [was] the Christ.