Matthew 19

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Matthew 19 gathers three encounters on Jesus's way to Jerusalem that each turn on what a person is willing to give up. Pharisees test him on divorce, and he answers from creation: what God has joined, let no one separate. Disciples turn children away, and he calls them back, because the kingdom belongs to such as these. A wealthy young man asks what good thing he must do for eternal life, keeps every commandment he is asked about, and walks away sad when told to sell everything and follow. Jesus then tells his astonished disciples that salvation is impossible for man and possible with God, and promises a hundredfold to those who leave everything for his name.

فتح تفسير الإصحاح

Matthew 19 puts three groups in front of Jesus on the road to Jerusalem, and each meeting asks what a person is holding onto. First the Pharisees, with a trap about divorce. Jesus does not enter their debate about Moses; he goes back to the beginning, to male and female and one flesh, and treats Moses's permission as a concession to hard hearts. The disciples find the standard so high that they suggest not marrying, and Jesus does not argue them out of it. Then children, whom the disciples try to send away and whom Jesus places at the center of the kingdom. Then the young man, rich and earnest, who wants to know what good thing he must do. He has kept the commandments; Jesus does not dispute it. He lacks one thing, and the one thing is everything he owns. He goes away sorrowful, the only person in the Gospels who is called and declines. Jesus turns to the disciples with the camel and the needle, and when they ask who can possibly be saved, he gives the answer the whole chapter has been building toward: with man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible. Peter asks what the disciples will get for having left everything, and Jesus promises thrones, a hundredfold, and eternal life, then adds the line that keeps anyone from counting on their place in line: many who are first will be last.

مقاطع رئيسية

Matthew 19:3-9 Matthew 19:13-15 Matthew 19:16-22 Matthew 19:23-26 Genesis 2:24

Historical and literary context

The divorce question reflected a live debate between rabbinic schools over whether Deuteronomy 24 permitted divorce only for serious cause or "for any reason." Jesus sidesteps the debate by going behind Moses to Genesis. The scene is Judea beyond the Jordan, the territory of Herod Antipas, who had executed John the Baptist for criticizing his marriage, which gives the Pharisees' question a political edge. The rich young man's confidence that he had kept the commandments was not unusual for a devout Jew; Jesus's demand exposed the one commandment he could not keep.

How the chapter unfolds

Verses 1 to 12 concern marriage: the test question, Jesus's appeal to Genesis, the exception for sexual immorality, the disciples' dismay, and the saying about eunuchs for the kingdom. Verses 13 to 15 are the blessing of the children. Verses 16 to 22 are the rich young man, from his question to his sorrowful departure. Verses 23 to 26 give the camel and the needle and "with God all things are possible." Verses 27 to 30 answer Peter's "what will there be for us" with twelve thrones, a hundredfold, eternal life, and the reversal of first and last.

Why this chapter matters

Matthew 19 is the New Testament's central text on marriage, grounding it in creation rather than in law, and its most searching text on wealth. The rich young man is the only person in the Gospels recorded as walking away from a direct call to follow Jesus, and he does so with sorrow rather than defiance, which makes him the most relatable refusal in Scripture. "With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible" answers the disciples' question "Who then can be saved?" and has become one of the Bible's best-known statements of grace. The chapter's welcome of children became the model for Christian teaching about faith as receiving rather than achieving.

Interpretive tension to watch

The rich young man is told to sell everything; Zacchaeus in Luke gives half; Joseph of Arimathea remains wealthy. Is the command universal, or aimed at the one thing this man served instead of God? And the "eye of the needle" has attracted a legend about a small Jerusalem gate that has no historical basis; the saying means impossibility, as the disciples' reaction and Jesus's answer confirm. How readers handle these questions shapes whether they soften the chapter or let it search them.

أسئلة لهذا الفصل

Jesus answers a question about the law of divorce with the design of creation. What changes when marriage is read from Genesis rather than from Deuteronomy?
The young man kept the commandments and still lacked one thing. What is the one thing, and why could he not give it?
The disciples ask "Who then can be saved?" and Jesus answers "with God all things are possible." How does that exchange reframe the whole chapter?

Study with context

Use this as a chapter guide, then press deeper into the text itself. The goal is to slow down observation, notice structure, and ask better questions before jumping to conclusions.

أضف للملاحظات

1 Sai ya zama sa'adda Yesu ya gama wadannan maganganu, sai ya bar Galili ya zo kan iyakokin Yahudiya, ketaren kogin Urdun. 2 Taro mai yawa suka bi shi, ya kuma warkar da su a wurin. 3 Farisawa suka zo wurinsa, suna gwada shi, suka ce masa, ''Ya hallata bisa ga doka mutum ya saki matarsa don kowanne dalili?'' 4 Yesu ya amsa ya ce, ''Baku karanta ba, cewa shi wanda ya yi su tun farko ya yi su miji da mace? 5 Shi wanda ya yi su kuma ya ce, “Saboda wannan dalilin, mutum zai rabu da mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa ya hade da matarsa, su biyun su zama jiki daya?” 6 Su ba biyu ba ne kuma, amma jiki daya. Don haka, duk abin da Allah ya hada, kada wani ya raba.'' 7 Sai suka ce masa, ''To me yasa Musa ya umarcemu mu bada takardar saki, mu kuma kore ta?'' 8 Sai ya ce masu, ''Saboda taurin zuciyarku, shi yasa Musa ya yarda maku ku saki matanku, amma da farko ba haka yake ba. 9 Ina gaya maku, duk wanda ya saki matarsa in ba saboda zina ba, ya kuma auri wata, yana zina kenan. Wanda kuma ya auri macen da aka saka, yana aikata zina.'' 10 Almajiran suka ce wa Yesu, ''Idan haka yake game da mutum da matarsa, ba kyau ayi aure ba.'' 11 Amma Yesu yace masu, ''Ba kowa ne zai karbi wannan koyarwa ba, amma sai wadanda an yardar masu su karbe ta. 12 Akwai wadanda aka haife su babanni. Akwai wadanda mutane ne suka maida su babanni. Sa'annan akwai wadanda sun mayar da kansu babanni saboda mulkin sama. Duk wanda zai iya karbar wannan koyarwa, ya karba.'' 13 Sai aka kawo masa yara kanana don ya dibiya hannuwansa akansu, yayi masu addu'a, amma almajiran suka kwabe su. 14 Amma Yesu ya ce masu, ''Ku bar yara kanana, kada ku hana su zuwa wuri na, domin mulkin sama na irinsu ne.'' 15 Ya sa hannuwa akan su, sa'annan ya bar wurin. 16 Sai wani mutum ya zo wurin Yesu, ya ce, ''Malam, wanne ayyuka nagari ne zan yi domin in sami rai madawwami?'' 17 Yesu ya ce masa, ''Me yasa kake tambaya ta game da abin da ke nagari? Daya ne kawai ke nagari, amma idan kana so ka shiga cikin rai, ka kiyaye dokokin.'' 18 Mutumin ya ce masa, ''Wadanne dokokin?'' Yesu ya ce masa, ''Kada kayi kisa, kada kayi zina, kada kayi sata, kada kayi shaidar zur, 19 ka girmama mahaifinka da mahaifiyarka, kuma ka kaunaci makwabcinka kamar kanka.'' 20 Saurayin nan ya ce masa, ''Ai na kiyaye duk wadannan. Me nake bukata kuma?'' 21 Yesu ya ce masa, ''Idan kana so ka zama cikakke, ka tafi ka sayar da mallakarka, ka kuma ba matalauta, zaka sami dukiya a sama. Sa'annan ka zo ka biyo ni.'' 22 Amma da saurayin nan ya ji abin da Yesu ya fada, ya koma da bakin ciki, domin shi mai arziki ne kwarai. 23 Yesu ya ce wa almajiransa, ''Hakika ina gaya maku, zai zama da wuya mai arziki ya shiga mulkin sama. 24 Ina sake gaya maku, zai fi wa rakumi sauki ya shiga ta kafar allura, da mai arziki ya shiga mulkin Allah.'' 25 Da almajiran sun ji haka, suka yi mamaki kwarai da gaske, suka ce, ''Wanene zai sami ceto?'' 26 Yesu ya dube su, ya ce, ''A wurin mutane wannan ba zai yiwu ba, amma a wurin Allah, kome mai yiwuwa ne.'' 27 Sai Bitrus ya amsa ya ce masa, ''Duba, mun bar kome da kome mun bi ka. To me za mu samu?'' 28 Yesu ya ce masu, ''Hakika ina gaya maku, ku da kuka bi ni, a sabuwar haihuwa, lokacin da Dan Mutum ya zauna a kursiyin daukakarsa, ku ma zaku zauna a kursiyoyi goma sha biyu, kuna shari'anta kabilu goma sha biyu na Isra'ila. 29 Duk wanda ya bar gidaje, 'yan'uwa maza, 'yan'uwa mata, mahaifi, mahaifiya, 'ya'ya, ko gonaki, saboda sunana, zai sami ninkin su dari, ya kuma gaji rai madawwami. 30 Amma dayawa dake farko yanzu, za su zama na karshe, dayawa dake karshe kuma, su zama na farko.